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Silicic conduits as...
Silicic conduits as supersized tuffisites : Clastogenic influences on shifting eruption styles at Cordon Caulle volcano (Chile)
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- Schipper, C. Ian (author)
- Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Geog Environm & Earth Sci, POB 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand.
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- Castro, Jonathan M. (author)
- Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Geosci, Mainz, Germany.
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- Kennedy, Ben M. (author)
- Univ Canterbury, Earth & Environm, Christchurch 4800, New Zealand.
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- Tuffen, Hugh (author)
- Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, England.
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- Whattam, Jack (author)
- Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Geog Environm & Earth Sci, POB 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand.
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- Wadsworth, Fabian B. (author)
- Univ Durham, Dept Earth Sci, Durham DH1 3LE, England.
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- Paisley, Rebecca (author)
- McGill Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 3450 Rue Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 0E8, Canada.
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- Fitzgerald, Rebecca H. (author)
- Univ Canterbury, Earth & Environm, Christchurch 4800, New Zealand.
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- Rhodes, Emma, 1990- (author)
- Uppsala universitet,Mineralogi, petrologi och tektonik,Univ Canterbury, Earth & Environm, Christchurch 4800, New Zealand
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- Schaefer, Lauren N. (author)
- Univ Canterbury, Earth & Environm, Christchurch 4800, New Zealand.;US Geol Survey, 1711 Illinois St, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
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- Ashwell, Paul A. (author)
- Univ Canterbury, Earth & Environm, Christchurch 4800, New Zealand.;Univ Toronto, Dept Chem & Phys Sci, Mississauga, ON L5L, Canada.
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- Forte, Pablo (author)
- Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Geosci, Mainz, Germany.;UBA CONICET, Inst Estudios Andinos, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
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- Seropian, Gilles (author)
- Univ Canterbury, Earth & Environm, Christchurch 4800, New Zealand.
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- Alloway, Brent V. (author)
- Univ Auckland, Sch Environm, Auckland 92019, New Zealand.;Univ Chile, Nucleo Milenio Paleoclima, Ctr Estudios Clima & Resiliencia, Santiago, Chile.;Univ Chile, Dept Ciencias Ecol, Santiago, Chile.
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Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Geog Environm & Earth Sci, POB 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Geosci, Mainz, Germany. (creator_code:org_t)
- 2021-01-27
- 2021
- English.
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In: Bulletin of Volcanology. - : Springer Nature. - 0258-8900 .- 1432-0819. ; 83:2
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https://urn.kb.se/re...
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https://doi.org/10.1...
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Abstract
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- Understanding the processes that drive explosive-effusive transitions during large silicic eruptions is crucial to hazard mitigation. Conduit models usually treat magma ascent and degassing as a gradual, unidirectional progression from bubble nucleation through magmatic fragmentation. However, there is growing evidence for the importance of bi-directional clastogenic processes that sinter fragmented materials into coherent clastogenic magmas. Bombs that were ejected immediately before the first emergence of lava in the 2011-2012 eruption at Cordon Caulle volcano (Chile) are texturally heterogeneous composite assemblages of welded pyroclastic material. Although diverse in density and appearance, SEM and X-ray tomographic analysis show them all to have been formed by multi-generational viscous sintering of fine ash. Sintering created discrete clasts ranging from obsidian to pumice and formed a pervasive clast-supporting matrix that assembled these clasts into a conduit-sealing plug. An evaluation of sintering timescales reveals texturally disparate bomb components to represent only minutes of difference in residence time within the conduit. Permeability modelling indicates that the plug was an effective conduit seal, with outgassing potential-even from high-porosity regions-being limited by the inability of gas to flow across tendrils of densely sintered inter-clast matrix. Contrary to traditional perspectives, declining expressions of explosivity at the surface need not be preceded or accompanied by a decline in fragmentation efficiency. Instead, they result from tips in balance between the opposing processes of fragmentation and sintering that occur in countless cycles within volcanic conduits. These processes may be particularly enhanced at silicic fissure volcanoes, which have laterally extensive subsurface plumbing systems that require complex magma ascent pathways. The textures investigated here reveal the processes occurring within silicic fissures to be phenomenologically identical to those that have been inferred to occur in tuffisite veins: silicic conduits are essentially supersized examples of edifice-penetrating tuffisites.
Subject headings
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap -- Geologi (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Earth and Related Environmental Sciences -- Geology (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- Cordon Caulle
- Rhyolite
- Sintering
- Explosive-effusive transition
Publication and Content Type
- ref (subject category)
- art (subject category)
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Schipper, C. Ian
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Castro, Jonathan ...
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Kennedy, Ben M.
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Tuffen, Hugh
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Whattam, Jack
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Wadsworth, Fabia ...
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Paisley, Rebecca
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Fitzgerald, Rebe ...
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Rhodes, Emma, 19 ...
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Schaefer, Lauren ...
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Ashwell, Paul A.
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Forte, Pablo
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Seropian, Gilles
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Alloway, Brent V ...
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- NATURAL SCIENCES
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NATURAL SCIENCES
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and Geology
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Bulletin of Volc ...
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Uppsala University