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Minor Fitness Costs in an Experimental Model of Horizontal Gene Transfer in Bacteria
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- Knöppel, Anna (author)
- Uppsala universitet,Institutionen för medicinsk biokemi och mikrobiologi
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- Lind, Peter A. (author)
- Uppsala universitet,Institutionen för medicinsk biokemi och mikrobiologi
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- Lustig, Ulrika (author)
- Uppsala universitet,Institutionen för medicinsk biokemi och mikrobiologi
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- 2014-02-17
- 2014
- English.
- In: Molecular biology and evolution. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0737-4038 .- 1537-1719. ; 31:5, s. 1220-1227
- Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract
Subject headings
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- Genes introduced by horizontal gene transfer (HGT) from other species constitute a significant portion of many bacterial genomes, and the evolutionary dynamics of HGTs are important for understanding the spread of antibiotic resistance and the emergence of new pathogenic strains of bacteria. The fitness effects of the transferred genes largely determine the fixation rates and the amount of neutral diversity of newly acquired genes in bacterial populations. Comparative analysis of bacterial genomes provides insight into what genes are commonly transferred, but direct experimental tests of the fitness constraints on HGT are scarce. Here, we address this paucity of experimental studies by introducing 98 random DNA fragments varying in size from 0.45 to 5 kb from Bacteroides, Proteus, and human intestinal phage into a defined position in the Salmonella chromosome and measuring the effects on fitness. Using highly sensitive competition assays, we found that eight inserts were deleterious with selection coefficients (s) ranging from a parts per thousand -0.007 to -0.02 and 90 did not have significant fitness effects. When inducing transcription from a P-BAD promoter located at one end of the insert, 16 transfers were deleterious and 82 were not significantly different from the control. In conclusion, a major fraction of the inserts had minor effects on fitness implying that extra DNA transferred by HGT, even though it does not confer an immediate selective advantage, could be maintained at selection-transfer balance and serve as raw material for the evolution of novel beneficial functions.
Subject headings
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Biologi -- Biokemi och molekylärbiologi (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Biological Sciences -- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (hsv//eng)
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Biologi -- Mikrobiologi (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Biological Sciences -- Microbiology (hsv//eng)
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Biologi -- Evolutionsbiologi (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Biological Sciences -- Evolutionary Biology (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- bacterial evolution
- horizontal gene transfer
- lateral gene transfer
- fitness effects
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- ref (subject category)
- art (subject category)
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- Umeå University
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