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Amanita phalloides ...
Amanita phalloides poisoning : Mechanisms of toxicity and treatment
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- Garcia, Juliana (author)
- Univ Porto, Dept Biol Sci, Fac Pharm, UCIBIO REQUIMTE,Lab Toxicol, P-4050313 Oporto, Portugal.
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- Costa, Vera M. (author)
- Univ Porto, Dept Biol Sci, Fac Pharm, UCIBIO REQUIMTE,Lab Toxicol, P-4050313 Oporto, Portugal.
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- Carvalho, Alexandra (author)
- Uppsala universitet,Institutionen för cell- och molekylärbiologi
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- Baptista, Paula (author)
- Polytech Inst Braganca, CIMO Sch Agr, P-5301854 Braganca, Portugal.
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- de Pinho, Paula Guedes (author)
- Univ Porto, Dept Biol Sci, Fac Pharm, UCIBIO REQUIMTE,Lab Toxicol, P-4050313 Oporto, Portugal.
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- Bastos, Maria de Lourdes (author)
- Univ Porto, Dept Biol Sci, Fac Pharm, UCIBIO REQUIMTE,Lab Toxicol, P-4050313 Oporto, Portugal.
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- Carvalho, Felix (author)
- Univ Porto, Dept Biol Sci, Fac Pharm, UCIBIO REQUIMTE,Lab Toxicol, P-4050313 Oporto, Portugal.
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Univ Porto, Dept Biol Sci, Fac Pharm, UCIBIO REQUIMTE,Lab Toxicol, P-4050313 Oporto, Portugal Institutionen för cell- och molekylärbiologi (creator_code:org_t)
- Elsevier BV, 2015
- 2015
- English.
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In: Food and Chemical Toxicology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0278-6915 .- 1873-6351. ; 86, s. 41-55
- Related links:
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https://bibliotecadi...
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https://urn.kb.se/re...
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https://doi.org/10.1...
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Abstract
Subject headings
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- Amanita phalloides, also known as 'death cap', is one of the most poisonous mushrooms, being involved in the majority of human fatal cases of mushroom poisoning worldwide. This species contains three main groups of toxins: amatoxins, phallotoxins, and virotoxins. From these, amatoxins, especially alpha-amanitin, are the main responsible for the toxic effects in humans. It is recognized that alpha-amanitin inhibits RNA polymerase II, causing protein deficit and ultimately cell death, although other mechanisms are thought to be involved. The liver is the main target organ of toxicity, but other organs are also affected, especially the kidneys. Intoxication symptoms usually appear after a latent period and may include gastrointestinal disorders followed by jaundice, seizures, and coma, culminating in death. Therapy consists in supportive measures, gastric decontamination, drug therapy and, ultimately, liver transplantation if clinical condition worsens. The discovery of an effective antidote is still a major unsolved issue. The present paper examines the clinical toxicology of A. phalloides, providing the currently available information on the mechanisms of toxicityinvolved and on the current knowledge on the treatment prescribed against this type of mushrooms. Antidotal perspectives will be raised as to set the pace to new and improved therapy against these mushrooms.
Subject headings
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Farmakologi och toxikologi (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Basic Medicine -- Pharmacology and Toxicology (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- Amanita phalloides
- Amatoxins
- RNA polymerase II
- Liver
- Kidney
- Therapy
Publication and Content Type
- ref (subject category)
- for (subject category)
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