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Establishing nonlin...
Establishing nonlinearity thresholds with ultraintense X-ray pulses
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- Szlachetko, Jakub (author)
- Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland.;Jan Kochanowski Univ Humanities & Sci, Inst Phys, Kielce, Poland.
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- Hoszowska, Joanna (author)
- Univ Fribourg, Dept Phys, Fribourg, Switzerland.
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- Dousse, Jean-Claude (author)
- Univ Fribourg, Dept Phys, Fribourg, Switzerland.
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- Nachtegaal, Maarten (author)
- Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland.
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- Blachucki, Wojciech (author)
- Univ Fribourg, Dept Phys, Fribourg, Switzerland.
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- Kayser, Yves (author)
- Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland.
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- Sá, Jacinto (author)
- Uppsala universitet,Fysikalisk kemi,Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys Chem, Warsaw, Poland.
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- Messerschmidt, Marc (author)
- SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Linac Coherent Light Source, Menlo Pk, CA USA.;NSF BioXFEL STC, 700 Ellicott St, Buffalo, NY 14203 USA.
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- Boutet, Sebastien (author)
- SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Linac Coherent Light Source, Menlo Pk, CA USA.
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- Williams, Garth J. (author)
- SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Linac Coherent Light Source, Menlo Pk, CA USA.;Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
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- David, Christian (author)
- Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland.
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- Smolentsev, Grigory (author)
- Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland.
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- van Bokhoven, Jeroen A. (author)
- Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland.;Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Chem & Bioengn, Zurich, Switzerland.
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- Patterson, Bruce D. (author)
- Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland.
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- Penfold, Thomas J. (author)
- Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland.
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- Knopp, Gregor (author)
- Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland.
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- Pajek, Marek (author)
- Jan Kochanowski Univ Humanities & Sci, Inst Phys, Kielce, Poland.
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- Abela, Rafael (author)
- Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland.
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- Milne, Christopher J. (author)
- Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland.
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Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland;Jan Kochanowski Univ Humanities & Sci, Inst Phys, Kielce, Poland. Univ Fribourg, Dept Phys, Fribourg, Switzerland. (creator_code:org_t)
- 2016-09-13
- 2016
- English.
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In: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 6
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Abstract
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- X-ray techniques have evolved over decades to become highly refined tools for a broad range of investigations. Importantly, these approaches rely on X-ray measurements that depend linearly on the number of incident X-ray photons. The advent of X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) is opening the ability to reach extremely high photon numbers within ultrashort X-ray pulse durations and is leading to a paradigm shift in our ability to explore nonlinear X-ray signals. However, the enormous increase in X-ray peak power is a double-edged sword with new and exciting methods being developed but at the same time well-established techniques proving unreliable. Consequently, accurate knowledge about the threshold for nonlinear X-ray signals is essential. Herein we report an X-ray spectroscopic study that reveals important details on the thresholds for nonlinear X-ray interactions. By varying both the incident X-ray intensity and photon energy, we establish the regimes at which the simplest nonlinear process, two-photon X-ray absorption (TPA), can be observed. From these measurements we can extract the probability of this process as a function of photon energy and confirm both the nature and sub-femtosecond lifetime of the virtual intermediate electronic state.
Subject headings
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Kemi -- Fysikalisk kemi (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Chemical Sciences -- Physical Chemistry (hsv//eng)
Publication and Content Type
- ref (subject category)
- art (subject category)
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Szlachetko, Jaku ...
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Hoszowska, Joann ...
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Dousse, Jean-Cla ...
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Nachtegaal, Maar ...
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Blachucki, Wojci ...
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Kayser, Yves
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Sá, Jacinto
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Messerschmidt, M ...
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Boutet, Sebastie ...
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Williams, Garth ...
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David, Christian
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Smolentsev, Grig ...
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van Bokhoven, Je ...
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Patterson, Bruce ...
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Penfold, Thomas ...
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Knopp, Gregor
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Pajek, Marek
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Abela, Rafael
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Milne, Christoph ...
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Uppsala University