Phylogenetic analysis of marginal Asiatic black bears reveals a recent Iranian-Himalayan divergence and has implications for taxonomy and conservation

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Yusefi, Gholam HoseinUppsala universitet,Zooekologi,Univ Porto, Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, CIBIO InBIO, Campus Vairao, P-4485661 Vairao, Portugal; Mohitban Soc, 111 Moghaddas Ardebili Str, Tehran 1985914747, Iran (author)

Phylogenetic analysis of marginal Asiatic black bears reveals a recent Iranian-Himalayan divergence and has implications for taxonomy and conservation

Article/chapterEnglish2020

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2020-06-25
Springer Science and Business Media LLC,2020
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LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:uu-420107
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-420107URI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s42991-020-00044-8DOI

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Language:English
Summary in:English

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Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype

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A small population of Asiatic black bear-known as the Baluchistan black bear-survives in the western limit of the species' range in Iran, where the species is rare, difficult to monitor and occupy an atypical habitat with extreme environmental conditions. Through the use of noninvasively collected samples, we analyzed mitochondrial DNA control region sequences to evaluate the phylogenetic relationships and divergence time between the Baluchistan Iranian black bear population and other Asian populations. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that Baluchistan and Nepalese (Himalayan) populations are monophyletic, with their divergence time estimated at circa 120 thousand years ago. The results reveal the low level of mitochondrial DNA variability in this small and marginal population, as is the case for many bear populations living in areas with similar conditions. The divergence time between the populations from Iran and Nepal dates to the Late Pleistocene, pointing to a transitional period between colder (glacial) and warmer (interglacial) conditions that allowed forests to expand and opened new habitats to population expansions. Pending further genetic and morphological corroboration, these preliminary results suggest that all Baluchistan and Himalayan (Nepalese) black bears might be considered as synonymous under the prior U. t. thibetanus trinomial (with gedrosianus just as junior synonym). Conservation efforts on this small and endangered population remain poor, and further measures are required to guarantee its long-term survival in Iran.

Subject headings and genre

NATURVETENSKAP Biologi Evolutionsbiologi hsv//swe
NATURAL SCIENCES Biological Sciences Evolutionary Biology hsv//eng
Baluchistan black bear
Ursus thibetanus gedrosianus
Himalayan black bear
Late pleistocene
Subspecies taxonomy
Ursus thibetanus

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Khalatbari, LeiliUniv Porto, Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, CIBIO InBIO, Campus Vairao, P-4485661 Vairao, Portugal; Mohitban Soc, 111 Moghaddas Ardebili Str, Tehran 1985914747, Iran (author)
Jowers, Michael J.Univ Porto, Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, CIBIO InBIO, Campus Vairao, P-4485661 Vairao, Portugal (author)
Fahimi, HadiMohitban Soc, 111 Moghaddas Ardebili Str, Tehran 1985914747, Iran (author)
Costa, VaniaUniv Porto, Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, CIBIO InBIO, Campus Vairao, P-4485661 Vairao, Portugal (author)
Björklund, MatsUppsala universitet,Zooekologi(Swepub:uu)matbjorkl (author)
Beja-Pereira, AlbanoUniv Porto, Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, CIBIO InBIO, Campus Vairao, P-4485661 Vairao, Portugal; Univ Porto, Fac Sci, Dept Geosci Environm & Spatial Planning, Rua Campo Alegre, P-4169007 Porto, Portugal (author)
Uppsala universitetZooekologi (creator_code:org_t)

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In:Mammalian Biology: Springer Science and Business Media LLC100:4, s. 419-4271616-50471618-1476

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