On physical mechanisms enhancing air-sea CO2 exchange

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Gutiérrez Loza, LuciaUppsala universitet,Luft-, vatten- och landskapslära,Meteorology (author)

On physical mechanisms enhancing air-sea CO2 exchange

Article/chapterEnglish2022

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2022-12-14
European Geosciences Union (EGU),2022
electronicrdacarrier

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LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:uu-483928
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-483928URI
https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5645-2022DOI
https://res.slu.se/id/publ/120671URI

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Language:English
Summary in:English

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Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype
Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype

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Reducing uncertainties in the air–sea CO2 ﬂux calculations is one of the major challenges when addressing the oceanic contribution in the global carbon balance. In traditional models, the air–sea CO2 ﬂux is estimated using expressions of the gas transfer velocity as a function of wind speed. However, other mechanisms affecting the variability in the ﬂux at local and regional scales are still poorly understood. The uncertainties associated with the ﬂux estimates become particularly large in heterogeneous environments such as coastal and marginal seas. Here, we investigated the air–sea CO2 exchange at a coastal site in the central Baltic Sea using nine years of eddy covariance measurements. Based on these observations we were able to capture the temporal variability of the air–sea CO2 ﬂux and other parameters relevant for the gas exchange. Our results show that a wind-based model with similar pattern to those developed for larger basins and open sea condition can, on average, be a good approximation for k. However, in order to reduce the uncertainty associated to these averages and produce reliable short-term k estimates, additional physical processes must be considered. Using a normalized gas transfer velocity, we identiﬁed conditions associated to enhanced exchange (large k values). During high and intermediate wind speeds (above 6–8 m s−1),conditions on both sides of the air–water interface were found to be relevant for the gas exchange. Our ﬁndings further suggest that at such relatively high wind speeds, sea spray is an efﬁcient mechanisms for air–sea CO2 exchange. During low wind speeds (<6 m s−1), water-side convection was found to be a relevant control mechanism. The effect of both sea spray and water-side convection on the gas exchange showed a clear seasonality with positive ﬂuxes (winter conditions) being the most affected.

Subject headings and genre

NATURVETENSKAP Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap Meteorologi och atmosfärforskning hsv//swe
NATURAL SCIENCES Earth and Related Environmental Sciences Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences hsv//eng
NATURVETENSKAP Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap Klimatforskning hsv//swe
NATURAL SCIENCES Earth and Related Environmental Sciences Climate Research hsv//eng
Air-sea CO2 exchange
eddy covariance
gas transfer velocity
sea spray
water-side convection
Meteorologi
Meteorology

Added entries (persons, corporate bodies, meetings, titles ...)

Nilsson, Erik,1983-Uppsala universitet,Luft-, vatten- och landskapslära,Meteorology(Swepub:uu)erini203 (author)
Wallin, Marcus B.,1979-Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences,Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet,Uppsala universitet,Luft-, vatten- och landskapslära,Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden,Institutionen för vatten och miljö,Uppsala University(Swepub:slu)52221 (author)
Sahlée, ErikUppsala universitet,Luft-, vatten- och landskapslära,Meteorology(Swepub:uu)ersah499 (author)
Rutgersson, Anna,1971-Uppsala universitet,Luft-, vatten- och landskapslära,Meteorology(Swepub:uu)aru27058 (author)
Uppsala universitetLuft-, vatten- och landskapslära (creator_code:org_t)
Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet

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In:Biogeosciences: European Geosciences Union (EGU)19:24, s. 5645-56651726-41701726-4189

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