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Evolving homeostati...
Evolving homeostatic tissue using genetic algorithms
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- Gerlee, Philip, 1980 (author)
- Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för matematiska vetenskaper, matematik,Institutionen för medicin, avdelningen för molekylär och klinisk medicin,Department of Mathematical Sciences, Mathematics,Institute of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine,University of Gothenburg,Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology
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Basanta, D. (author)
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Anderson, A. R. A. (author)
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(creator_code:org_t)
- Elsevier BV, 2011
- 2011
- English.
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In: Progress in Biophysics & Molecular Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0079-6107. ; 106:2, s. 414-425
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Abstract
Subject headings
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- Multicellular organisms maintain form and function through a multitude of homeostatic mechanisms. The details of these mechanisms are in many cases unknown, and so are their evolutionary origin and their link to development. In order to illuminate these issues we have investigated the evolution of structural homeostasis in the simplest of cases, a tissue formed by a mono-layer of cells. To this end, we made use of a 3-dimensional hybrid cellular automaton, an individual-based model in which the behaviour of each cell depends on its local environment. Using an evolutionary algorithm (EA) we evolved cell signalling networks, both with a fixed and an incremental fitness evaluation, which give rise to and maintain a mono-layer tissue structure. Analysis of the solutions provided by the EA shows that the two evaluation methods gives rise to different types of solutions to the problem of homeostasis. The fixed method leads to almost optimal solutions, where the tissue relies on a high rate of cell turnover, while the solutions from the incremental scheme behave in a more conservative manner, only dividing when necessary. In order to test the robustness of the solutions we subjected them to environmental stress, by wounding the tissue, and to genetic stress, by introducing mutations. The results show that the robustness very much depends on the mechanism responsible for maintaining homeostasis. The two evolved cell types analysed present contrasting mechanisms by which tissue homeostasis can be maintained. This compares well to different tissue types found in multicellular organisms. For example the epithelial cells lining the colon in humans are shed at a considerable rate, while in other tissue types, which are not as exposed, the conservative type of homeostatic mechanism is normally found. These results will hopefully shed light on how multicellular organisms have evolved homeostatic mechanisms and what might occur when these mechanisms fail, as in the case of cancer. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Subject headings
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Cell- och molekylärbiologi (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Basic Medicine -- Cell and Molecular Biology (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- Homeostasis
- Robustness
- Hybrid cellular automata
- Evolutionary
- algorithm
- Signaling network
- Evolution
- Mutation
- Wounding
- epithelial acini
- tumor-growth
- cells
- model
- evolution
- adhesion
- robustness
- cancer
- rates
- Evolutionary
Publication and Content Type
- ref (subject category)
- art (subject category)
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