Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation Aggravates Irradiation-Induced Injury to the Young Mouse Brain.

Roughton, Karolina,1977Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för neurovetenskap och fysiologi, sektionen för klinisk neurovetenskap och rehabilitering,Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation (author)

Radiotherapy is an effective treatment strategy in the treatment of brain tumors, but it is also a major cause of long-term complications, especially in survivors of pediatric brain tumors. Cognitive decline caused by cranial radiotherapy is thought, at least partly, to depend on injury to stem and progenitor cells in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. This study investigated the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation at the time of irradiation (IR) in the growing mouse brain. A single injection of LPS (0.3 mg/kg) was administered 24 h prior to cranial IR of 14-day-old male mice. LPS pretreatment increased the levels of the chemokine CCL2 and the cytokine IL-1β in the brain by 440 and 560%, respectively, compared to IR alone. IR disrupted hippocampal neurogenesis and the growth of the dentate gyrus, and the mice pretreated with LPS displayed an even more pronounced lack of growth than the vehicle-treated group 2 months after IR. The density of microglia was not affected, but LPS-pretreated mice displayed 48% fewer bromodeoxyuridine-positive cells and 43% fewer doublecortin-positive cells in the granule cell layer 2 months after IR compared with the vehicle-treated group. In conclusion, an ongoing inflammation in the brain at the time of IR further enhanced the IR-induced loss of neurogenesis, and may aggravate future cognitive deficits in patients treated with cranial radiotherapy.

Andreasson, Ulf,1968Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för neurovetenskap och fysiologi, sektionen för psykiatri och neurokemi,Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry(Swepub:gu)xaulfz (author)
Blomgren, Klas,1963Karolinska Institutet,Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för neurovetenskap och fysiologi,Institutionen för kliniska vetenskaper, Avdelningen för pediatrik,Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology,Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Pediatrics(Swepub:gu)xblokl (author)
Kalm, Marie,1981Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för neurovetenskap och fysiologi,Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology(Swepub:gu)xkalma (author)
Göteborgs universitetInstitutionen för neurovetenskap och fysiologi, sektionen för klinisk neurovetenskap och rehabilitering (creator_code:org_t)

By the author/editor: Roughton, Karoli ...; Andreasson, Ulf, ...; Blomgren, Klas, ...; Kalm, Marie, 198 ...

About the subject

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES: MEDICAL AND HEAL ...; and Clinical Medicin ...; and Pediatrics

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES: MEDICAL AND HEAL ...; and Clinical Medicin ...; and Neurology

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