The application of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in early diagnosis of Alzheimer disease.

• This article gives an updated account of the clinical application of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for Alzheimer disease (AD). The clinically most relevant biomarkers, total tau, phospho-tau and Aβ42 are discussed, and how they may be used, together with other diagnostic investigations, to make a predementia diagnosis of AD. Recent findings in sporadic and genetic preclinical AD are also discussed and, more specifically, what the biomarkers have taught us on the sequence of events in the pathogenic process underlying AD.

Subject headings

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Neurovetenskaper (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Basic Medicine -- Neurosciences (hsv//eng)

Keyword

Aged

Alzheimer Disease

cerebrospinal fluid

diagnosis

genetics

pathology

Amyloid beta-Peptides

cerebrospinal fluid

Asymptomatic Diseases

Atrophy

Biological Markers

cerebrospinal fluid

Brain

pathology

Early Diagnosis

Genetic Predisposition to Disease

genetics

Humans

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Mild Cognitive Impairment

cerebrospinal fluid

diagnosis

genetics

pathology

Nerve Degeneration

pathology

Neurons

pathology

Peptide Fragments

cerebrospinal fluid

Phosphorylation

Positron-Emission Tomography

Predictive Value of Tests

Prodromal Symptoms

Software Design

Synapses

pathology

tau Proteins

cerebrospinal fluid

Publication and Content Type

ref (subject category)

art (subject category)