Lyapunov Exponents for Particles Advected in Compressible Random Velocity Fields at Small and Large Kubo Numbers

• We calculate the Lyapunov exponents describing spatial clustering of particles advected in one- and two-dimensional random velocity fields at finite Kubo numbers (a dimensionless parameter characterising the correlation time of the velocity field). In one dimension we obtain accurate results up to by resummation of a perturbation expansion in . At large Kubo numbers we compute the Lyapunov exponent by taking into account the fact that the particles follow the minima of the potential function corresponding to the velocity field. The Lyapunov exponent is always negative. In two spatial dimensions the sign of the maximal Lyapunov exponent lambda (1) may change, depending upon the degree of compressibility of the flow and the Kubo number. For small Kubo numbers we compute the first four non-vanishing terms in the small- expansion of the Lyapunov exponents. By resumming these expansions we obtain a precise estimate of the location of the path-coalescence transition (where lambda (1) changes sign) for Kubo numbers up to approximately . For large Kubo numbers we estimate the Lyapunov exponents for a partially compressible velocity field by assuming that the particles sample those stagnation points of the velocity field that have a negative real part of the maximal eigenvalue of the matrix of flow-velocity gradients.

Subject headings

NATURVETENSKAP  -- Fysik (hsv//swe)

NATURAL SCIENCES  -- Physical Sciences (hsv//eng)

Keyword

Advection

Compressible velocity fields

Clustering

Lyapunov exponents

Kubo number

INERTIAL PARTICLES

TURBULENCE

Publication and Content Type

ref (subject category)

art (subject category)