Low-level cadmium exposure and effects on kidney function

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Wallin, MariaGothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för medicin, avdelningen för samhällsmedicin och folkhälsa, enheten för arbets-och miljömedicin,Institute of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Section of Occupational and environmental medicine,University of Gothenburg (author)

Low-level cadmium exposure and effects on kidney function

Article/chapterEnglish2014

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2014-10-06
BMJ,2014

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LIBRIS-ID:oai:gup.ub.gu.se/210384
https://gup.ub.gu.se/publication/210384URI
https://doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2014-102279DOI
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/4737616URI
https://research.chalmers.se/publication/210384URI

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Language:English

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Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype
Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype

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Objectives The nephrotoxicity of cadmium at low levels of exposure, measured by urinary cadmium, has recently been questioned since co-excretion of cadmium and proteins may have causes other than cadmium toxicity. The aim of this study was to explore the relation between kidney function and low or moderate cadmium levels, measured directly in kidney biopsies. Methods We analysed cadmium in kidney biopsies (K-Cd), blood (B-Cd) and urine (U-Cd) from 109 living kidney donors in a cross-sectional study. We measured glomerular filtration rate (GFR), cystatin C in serum, albumin, -2-microglobulin (B2M), retinol-binding protein (RBP), -1-microglobulin (A1M), N-acetyl--d-glucosaminidase and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) in 24h and overnight urine. Results We found significant positive associations between A1M excretion and K-Cd in multiple regression models including age, sex, weight, smoking and urinary flow rate. This association was also present in never-smokers. A1M was also positively associated with B-Cd and U-Cd. GFR and the other biomarkers of kidney function were not associated with K-Cd. GFR estimated from serum cystatin C showed a very poor correlation with measured GFR. KIM-1, RBP and possibly albumin were positively associated with U-Cd, but only in overnight urine. No associations were found with B2M. Conclusions Our results suggest that A1M in urine is a sensitive biomarker for effects of low-level cadmium exposure. A few associations between other renal biomarkers and U-Cd, but not K-Cd, were probably caused by physiological co-excretion or chance.

Subject headings and genre

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Klinisk medicin hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Clinical Medicine hsv//eng
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Hälsovetenskap Arbetsmedicin och miljömedicin hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Health Sciences Occupational Health and Environmental Health hsv//eng
GLOMERULAR-FILTRATION-RATE
URINARY CADMIUM
RENAL-FUNCTION
DISEASE
ASSOCIATIONS
POPULATION
CREATININE
BIOMARKERS
EXCRETION
PERFORMANCE
Public
Environmental & Occupational Health
URINARY CADMIUM

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Sällsten, Gerd,1952Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för medicin, avdelningen för samhällsmedicin och folkhälsa, enheten för arbets-och miljömedicin,Institute of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Section of Occupational and environmental medicine,University of Gothenburg(Swepub:gu)xsalge (author)
Lundh, ThomasLund University,Lunds universitet,Avdelningen för arbets- och miljömedicin,Institutionen för laboratoriemedicin,Medicinska fakulteten,Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University,Department of Laboratory Medicine,Faculty of Medicine(Swepub:lu)ymed-tlu (author)
Barregård, Lars,1948Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för medicin, avdelningen för samhällsmedicin och folkhälsa, enheten för arbets-och miljömedicin,Institute of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Section of Occupational and environmental medicine,University of Gothenburg(Swepub:gu)xbarrl (author)
Göteborgs universitetInstitutionen för medicin, avdelningen för samhällsmedicin och folkhälsa, enheten för arbets-och miljömedicin (creator_code:org_t)

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In:Occupational and Environmental Medicine: BMJ71:12, s. 848-8541351-07111470-7926

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