Considerably decreased risk of cardiovascular disease with combined reductions in HbA1c, blood pressure and blood lipids in type 2 diabetes: Report from the Swedish National Diabetes Register

• Objectives: Assess the effect of risk factors changes on risk for cardiovascular disease and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes selected from the Swedish National Diabetes Register. Methods: Observational study of 13,477 females and males aged 30-75years, with baseline HbA1c 41-67mmol/mol, systolic blood pressure 122-154mmHg and ratio non-HDL:HDL 1.7-4.1, followed for mean 6.5years until 2012. Four groups were created: a reference group (n=6757) with increasing final versus baseline HbA1c, systolic blood pressure and non-HDL:HDL cholesterol during the study period, and three groups with decreasing HbA1c (n=1925), HbA1c and systolic blood pressure (n=2050) or HbA1c and systolic blood pressure and non-HDL:HDL (n=2745). Results: Relative risk reduction for fatal/nonfatal cardiovascular disease was 35% with decrease in HbA1c only (mean 6 to final 49mmol/mol), 56% with decrease in HbA1c and systolic blood pressure (mean 12 to final 128mmHg) and 75% with combined decreases in HbA1c, systolic blood pressure and non-HDL:HDL (mean 0.8 to final 2.1), all p<0.001 adjusting for clinical characteristics, other risk factors, treatments and previous cardiovascular disease. Similar risk reductions were found for fatal/nonfatal coronary heart disease, fatal cardiovascular disease, all-cause mortality and also in a subgroup of 3038 patients with albuminuria. Conclusion: Considerable risk reductions for cardiovascular disease and mortality were seen with combined long-term risk factor improvement.

Subject headings

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin -- Kardiologi (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine -- Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems (hsv//eng)

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin -- Endokrinologi och diabetes (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine -- Endocrinology and Diabetes (hsv//eng)

Keyword

Blood lipids

blood pressure

cardiovascular diseases

diabetes mellitus

HbA1c

coronary-artery-disease

myocardial-infarction

prospective cohort

heart-disease

united-states

sweden

complications

hemoglobin

glycemia

association

Endocrinology & Metabolism

Cardiovascular System & Cardiology

Blood lipids

Publication and Content Type

ref (subject category)

art (subject category)