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Extracellular Osmotic Stress Reduces the Vesicle Size while Keeping a Constant Neurotransmitter Concentration

Mashadi Fathali, Hoda, 1983 (author)
Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology
Dunevall, Johan, 1984 (author)
Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology
Majdi, Soodabeh, 1980 (author)
Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för kemi och molekylärbiologi,Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology,University of Gothenburg
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Cans, Ann-Sofie, 1971 (author)
Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology
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 (creator_code:org_t)
2017-01-04
2017
English.
In: Acs Chemical Neuroscience. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1948-7193. ; 8:2, s. 368-375
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract Subject headings
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  • Secretory cells respond to hypertonic stress by cell shrinking, which causes a reduction in exocytosis activity and the amount of signaling molecules released from single exocytosis events. These changes in exocytosis have been suggested to result from alterations in biophysical properties of cell cytoplasm and plasma membrane, based on the assumption that osmotic stress does not affect the secretory vesicle content and size prior to exocytosis. To further investigate whether vesicles in secretory cells are affected by the osmolality of the extracellular environment, we used intracellular electrochemical cytometry together with transmission electron microscopy imaging to quantify and determine the catecholamine concentration of dense core vesicles in situ before and after cell exposure to osmotic stress. In addition, single cell amperometry recordings of exocytosis at chromaffin cells were used to monitor the effect on exocytosis activity and quantal release when cells were exposed to osmotic stress. Here we show that hypertonic stress hampers exocytosis secretion after the first pool of readily releasable vesicles have been fused and that extracellular osmotic stress causes catecholamine filled vesicles to shrink, mainly by reducing the volume of the halo solution surrounding the protein matrix in dense core vesicles. In addition, the vesicles demonstrate the ability to perform adjustments in neurotransmitter content during shrinking, and intracellular amperometry measurements in situ suggest that vesicles reduce the catecholamine content to maintain a constant concentration within the vesicle compartment. Hence, the secretory vesicles in the cell cytoplasm are highly affected and respond to extracellular osmotic stress, which gives a new perspective to the cause of reduction in quantal size by these vesicles when undergoing exocytosis.

Subject headings

NATURVETENSKAP  -- Biologi -- Biokemi och molekylärbiologi (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES  -- Biological Sciences -- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (hsv//eng)
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Neurovetenskaper (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Basic Medicine -- Neurosciences (hsv//eng)
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Farmakologi och toxikologi (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Basic Medicine -- Pharmacology and Toxicology (hsv//eng)
NATURVETENSKAP  -- Biologi -- Cellbiologi (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES  -- Biological Sciences -- Cell Biology (hsv//eng)

Keyword

Osmotic stress
dense core vesicle
chromaffin cell
exocytosis
catecholamine concentration
vesicle
adrenal-medullary cells
bovine chromaffin cells
dense core vesicles
quantal size
intraneuronal disposition
electron-microscopy
secretory
granules
exocytotic release
vesicular volume
membrane-fusion
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Neurosciences
& Neurology
chromaffin cell

Publication and Content Type

ref (subject category)
art (subject category)

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