Endoplasmic reticulum stress signalling - from basic mechanisms to clinical applications

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a membranous intracellular organelle and the first compartment of the secretory pathway. As such, the ER contributes to the production and folding of approximately one-third of cellular proteins, and is thus inextricably linked to the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and the fine balance between health and disease. Specific ER stress signalling pathways, collectively known as the unfolded protein response (UPR), are required for maintaining ER homeostasis. The UPR is triggered when ER protein folding capacity is overwhelmed by cellular demand and the UPR initially aims to restore ER homeostasis and normal cellular functions. However, if this fails, then the UPR triggers cell death. In this review, we provide a UPR signalling-centric view of ER functions, from the ER's discovery to the latest advancements in the understanding of ER and UPR biology. Our review provides a synthesis of intracellular ER signalling revolving around proteostasis and the UPR, its impact on other organelles and cellular behaviour, its multifaceted and dynamic response to stress and its role in physiology, before finally exploring the potential exploitation of this knowledge to tackle unresolved biological questions and address unmet biomedical needs. Thus, we provide an integrated and global view of existing literature on ER signalling pathways and their use for therapeutic purposes.

NATURVETENSKAP Biologi Biokemi och molekylärbiologi hsv//swe
NATURAL SCIENCES Biological Sciences Biochemistry and Molecular Biology hsv//eng
endoplasmic reticulum
proteostasis
signalling pathway
stress
unfolded protein response
to-mesenchymal transition
plasma-cell
differentiation
pancreatic beta-cells
box-binding protein-1
messenger-rna decay
er-stress
transcription factor
quality-control
glucose-homeostasis

Carlesso, Antonio,1990Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för kemi och molekylärbiologi,Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology(Swepub:gu)xcaant (author)
Chintha, C. (author)
Creedican, S. (author)
Doultsinos, D. (author)
Leuzzi, B. (author)
Luis, A. (author)
McCarthy, N. (author)
Montibeller, L. (author)
More, S. (author)
Papaioannou, A. (author)
Puschel, F. (author)
Sassano, M. L. (author)
Skoko, J. (author)
Agostinis, P. (author)
de Belleroche, J. (author)
Eriksson, Leif A,1964Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för kemi och molekylärbiologi,Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology(Swepub:gu)xeleif (author)
Fulda, S. (author)
Gorman, A. M. (author)
Healy, S. (author)
Kozlov, A. (author)
Munoz-Pinedo, C. (author)
Rehm, M. (author)
Chevet, E. (author)
Samali, A. (author)
Göteborgs universitetInstitutionen för kemi och molekylärbiologi (creator_code:org_t)

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