Maternal and child gluten intake and association with type 1 diabetes: The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study

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Lund-Blix, N. A. (author)

Maternal and child gluten intake and association with type 1 diabetes: The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study

Article/chapterEnglish2020

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2020-03-02
Public Library of Science (PLoS),2020

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LIBRIS-ID:oai:gup.ub.gu.se/294486
https://gup.ub.gu.se/publication/294486URI
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003032DOI

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Language:English

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Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype

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BACKGROUND: The relationship between maternal gluten intake in pregnancy, offspring intake in childhood, and offspring risk of type 1 diabetes has not been examined jointly in any studies. Our aim was to study the relationship between maternal and child intake of gluten and risk of type 1 diabetes in children. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We included 86,306 children in an observational nationwide cohort study, the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), with recruitment from 1999 to 2008 and with follow-up time to April 15, 2018. We used registration of type 1 diabetes in the Norwegian childhood diabetes registry as the outcome. We used Cox proportional hazard regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for the mother's intake of gluten up to week 22 of pregnancy and offspring gluten intake when the child was 18 months old. The average time followed was 12.3 years (0.70-16.0). A total of 346 children (0.4%) children were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, resulting in an incidence rate of 32.6/100,000 person-years. Mean gluten intake per day was 13.6 g for mothers and 8.8 g for children. There was no association between the mother's intake of gluten in pregnancy and offspring type 1 diabetes, with an adjusted HR (aHR) of 1.02 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.73-1.43, p = 0.91) for each 10-g-per-day increment. There was an association between offspring intake of gluten and a higher risk of type 1 diabetes, with an aHR of 1.46 (95% CI 1.06-2.01, p = 0.02) for each 10-g-per-day increment. Among the limitations are the likely imprecision in estimation of gluten intake and that we only had information regarding gluten intake at 2 time points in early life. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that, while the mother's intake of gluten in pregnancy was not associated with type 1 diabetes, a higher intake of gluten by the child at an early age may give a higher risk of type 1 diabetes.

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MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Klinisk medicin Pediatrik hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Clinical Medicine Pediatrics hsv//eng

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Tapia, G. (author)
Mårild, Karl,1982Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för kliniska vetenskaper, Avdelningen för pediatrik,Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Pediatrics(Swepub:gu)xmarik (author)
Brantsaeter, A. L. (author)
Njølstad, P. R. (author)
Joner, G. (author)
Skrivarhaug, T. (author)
Størdal, K. (author)
Stene, L. C. (author)
Göteborgs universitetInstitutionen för kliniska vetenskaper, Avdelningen för pediatrik (creator_code:org_t)

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In:PLoS medicine: Public Library of Science (PLoS)17:31549-1676

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By the author/editor: Lund-Blix, N. A.; Tapia, G.; Mårild, Karl, 19 ...; Brantsaeter, A. ...; Njølstad, P. R.; Joner, G.; show more...; Skrivarhaug, T.; Størdal, K.; Stene, L. C.; show less...

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MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES: MEDICAL AND HEAL ...; and Clinical Medicin ...; and Pediatrics

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By the university: University of Gothenburg

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