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  • Rabenstein, M. (author)

The impact of hybrid immunity on immune responses after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in persons with multiple sclerosis treated with disease-modifying therapies

  • Article/chapterEnglish2023

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  • 2023

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  • LIBRIS-ID:oai:gup.ub.gu.se/332779
  • https://gup.ub.gu.se/publication/332779URI
  • https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.16015DOI
  • http://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:153938533URI

Supplementary language notes

  • Language:English

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  • Subject category:ref swepub-contenttype
  • Subject category:art swepub-publicationtype

Notes

  • Background and purpose: Hybrid immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) develops from a combination of natural infection and vaccine-generated immunity. Multiple sclerosis (MS) disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) have the potential to impact humoral and cellular immunity induced by SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and infection. The aims were to compare antibody and T-cell responses after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in persons with MS (pwMS) treated with different DMTs and to assess differences between naively vaccinated pwMS and pwMS with hybrid immunity vaccinated following a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection.Methods: Antibody and T-cell responses were determined in pwMS at baseline and 4 and 12 weeks after the second dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in 143 pwMS with or without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and 40 healthy controls (HCs). The MS cohort comprised natalizumab (n = 22), dimethylfumarate (n = 23), fingolimod (n = 38), cladribine (n = 30), alemtuzumab (n = 17) and teriflunomide (n = 13) treated pwMS. Immunoglobulin G antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 antigens were measured using a multiplex bead assay and FluoroSpot was used to assess T-cell responses (interferon gamma and interleukin 13).Results: Humoral and T-cell responses to vaccination were comparable between naively vaccinated HCs and pwMS treated with natalizumab, dimethylfumarate, cladribine, alemtuzumab and teriflunomide, but were suppressed in fingolimod-treated pwMS. Both fingolimod-treated pwMS and HCs vaccinated following a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection had higher antibody levels 4 weeks after vaccination compared to naively vaccinated individuals. Antibody and interferon gamma levels 12 weeks after vaccination were positively correlated with time from last treatment course of cladribine.Conclusion: These findings are of relevance for infection risk mitigation and for vaccination strategies amongst pwMS undergoing DMT.

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  • Thomas, O. G.Karolinska Institutet (author)
  • Carlin, G. (author)
  • Khademi, M.Karolinska Institutet (author)
  • Högelin, K. A.Karolinska Institutet (author)
  • Malmeström, Clas,1965Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för neurovetenskap och fysiologi, sektionen för klinisk neurovetenskap,Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience(Swepub:gu)xmalcl (author)
  • Axelsson, Markus,1975Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för neurovetenskap och fysiologi, sektionen för klinisk neurovetenskap,Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience(Swepub:gu)xaxmar (author)
  • Brandt, AnneGothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för neurovetenskap och fysiologi, sektionen för klinisk neurovetenskap,Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience(Swepub:gu)xfranq (author)
  • Gafvelin, G. (author)
  • Grönlund, H.Karolinska Institutet (author)
  • Kockum, I.Karolinska Institutet (author)
  • Piehl, F.Karolinska Institutet (author)
  • Lycke, Jan,1956Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för neurovetenskap och fysiologi, sektionen för klinisk neurovetenskap,Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience(Swepub:gu)xlycja (author)
  • Olsson, T. (author)
  • Hessa, T. (author)
  • Karolinska InstitutetInstitutionen för neurovetenskap och fysiologi, sektionen för klinisk neurovetenskap (creator_code:org_t)

Related titles

  • In:European Journal of Neurology30:12, s. 3789-37981351-51011468-1331

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