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Insulin sensitivity determines the effectiveness of dietary macronutrient composition on weight loss in obese women.

Cornier, Marc-Andre (author)
Donahoo, W Troy (author)
Pereira, Rocio (author)
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Gurevich, Inga (author)
Westergren, Rickard, 1974 (author)
Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för medicinsk och fysiologisk kemi,Institute of Medical Biochemistry
Enerbäck, Sven, 1958 (author)
Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för medicinsk och fysiologisk kemi,Institute of Medical Biochemistry
Eckel, Peter J (author)
Goalstone, Marc L (author)
Hill, James O (author)
Eckel, Robert H (author)
Draznin, Boris (author)
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 (creator_code:org_t)
2005
2005
English.
In: Obesity research. - 1071-7323. ; 13:4, s. 703-9
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract Subject headings
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  • OBJECTIVE: To determine whether macronutrient composition of a hypocaloric diet can enhance its effectiveness and whether insulin sensitivity (Si) affects the response to hypocaloric diets. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Obese nondiabetic insulin-sensitive (fasting insulin < 10 microU/mL; n = 12) and obese nondiabetic insulin-resistant (fasting insulin > 15 microU/mL; n = 9) women (23 to 53 years old) were randomized to either a high carbohydrate (CHO) (HC)/low fat (LF) (60% CHO, 20% fat) or low CHO (LC)/high fat (HF) (40% CHO, 40% fat) hypocaloric diet. Primary outcome measures after a 16-week dietary intervention were: changes in body weight (BW), Si, resting metabolic rate, and fasting lipids. RESULTS: Insulin-sensitive women on the HC/LF diet lost 13.5 +/- 1.2% (p < 0.001) of their initial BW, whereas those on the LC/HF diet lost 6.8 +/- 1.2% (p < 0.001; p < 0.002 between the groups). In contrast, among the insulin-resistant women, those on the LC/HF diet lost 13.4 +/- 1.3% (p < 0.001) of their initial BW as compared with 8.5 +/- 1.4% (p < 0.001) lost by those on the HC/LF diet (p < 0.04 between two groups). These differences could not be explained by changes in resting metabolic rate, activity, or intake. Overall, changes in Si were associated with the degree of weight loss (r = -0.57, p < 0.05). DISCUSSION: The state of Si determines the effectiveness of macronutrient composition of hypocaloric diets in obese women. For maximal benefit, the macronutrient composition of a hypocaloric diet may need to be adjusted to correspond to the state of Si.

Keyword

Adult
Basal Metabolism
Body Mass Index
Diet
Reducing
Dietary Carbohydrates
administration & dosage
Dietary Fats
administration & dosage
Energy Intake
Energy Metabolism
Fasting
Female
Humans
Insulin
blood
Insulin Resistance
Middle Aged
Obesity
physiopathology
therapy
Treatment Outcome
Weight Loss

Publication and Content Type

ref (subject category)
art (subject category)

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