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Rac1 regulates pancreatic islet morphogenesis.

Greiner, Thomas U., 1977 (author)
Lund University,Lunds universitet,Stamcellscentrum (SCC),Avdelningen för stamcellsforskning,Institutionen för laboratoriemedicin,Medicinska fakulteten,Stem Cell Center,Division of stem cell research,Department of Laboratory Medicine,Faculty of Medicine
Kesavan, Gokul (author)
Lund University,Lunds universitet,Stamcellscentrum (SCC),Avdelningen för stamcellsforskning,Institutionen för laboratoriemedicin,Medicinska fakulteten,Stem Cell Center,Division of stem cell research,Department of Laboratory Medicine,Faculty of Medicine
Ståhlberg, Anders, 1975 (author)
Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för neurovetenskap och fysiologi, sektionen för klinisk neurovetenskap och rehabilitering,Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation
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Semb, Henrik (author)
Lund University,Lunds universitet,Stamcellscentrum (SCC),Avdelningen för stamcellsforskning,Institutionen för laboratoriemedicin,Medicinska fakulteten,Stem Cell Center,Division of stem cell research,Department of Laboratory Medicine,Faculty of Medicine
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 (creator_code:org_t)
2009
2009
English.
In: BMC developmental biology. - 1471-213X. ; 9:2
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract Subject headings
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  • BACKGROUND: Pancreatic islets of Langerhans originate from endocrine progenitors within the pancreatic ductal epithelium. Concomitant with differentiation of these progenitors into hormone-producing cells such cells delaminate, aggregate and migrate away from the ductal epithelium. The cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating islet cell delamination and cell migration are poorly understood. Extensive biochemical and cell biological studies using cultured cells demonstrated that Rac1, a member of the Rho family of small GTPases, acts as a key regulator of cell migration. RESULTS: To address the functional role of Rac1 in islet morphogenesis, we generated transgenic mice expressing dominant negative Rac1 under regulation of the Rat Insulin Promoter. Blocking Rac1 function in beta cells inhibited their migration away from the ductal epithelium in vivo. Consistently, transgenic islet cell spreading was compromised in vitro. We also show that the EGF-receptor ligand betacellulin induced actin remodelling and cell spreading in wild-type islets, but not in transgenic islets. Finally, we demonstrate that cell-cell contact E-cadherin increased as a consequence of blocking Rac1 activity. CONCLUSION: Our data support a model where Rac1 signalling controls islet cell migration by modulating E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion. Furthermore, in vitro experiments show that betacellulin stimulated islet cell spreading and actin remodelling is compromised in transgenic islets, suggesting that betacellulin may act as a regulator of Rac1 activity and islet migration in vivo. Our results further emphasize Rac1 as a key regulator of cell migration and cell adhesion during tissue and organ morphogenesis.

Subject headings

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Cell- och molekylärbiologi (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Basic Medicine -- Cell and Molecular Biology (hsv//eng)

Keyword

Animals
Blood Glucose
metabolism
Body Weight
Cadherins
metabolism
Cell Movement
physiology
Extracellular Matrix
metabolism
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
metabolism
Islets of Langerhans
cytology
embryology
growth & development
Mice
Mice
Transgenic
Morphogenesis
physiology
Organ Size
RNA
Messenger
metabolism
Rats
Receptor
Epidermal Growth Factor
metabolism
rac1 GTP-Binding Protein
genetics
metabolism

Publication and Content Type

ref (subject category)
art (subject category)

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University of Gothenburg
Lund University

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