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Genotype over-diagnosis in amygdala responsiveness: affective processing in social anxiety disorder.
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- Furmark, Tomas (author)
- Uppsala universitet,Institutionen för psykologi
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- Henningsson, Susanne, 1977 (author)
- Gothenburg University,Göteborgs universitet,Institutionen för neurovetenskap och fysiologi, sektionen för farmakologi,Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Pharmacology,Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Göteborg University, Göteborg
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- Appel, Lieuwe (author)
- Uppsala universitet,Enheten för nuklearmedicin och PET
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- Canadian Medical Association, 2009
- 2009
- English.
- In: Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN. - : Canadian Medical Association. - 1488-2434 .- 1180-4882. ; 34:1, s. 30-40
- Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract
Subject headings
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- BACKGROUND: Although the amygdala is thought to be a crucial brain region for negative affect, neuroimaging studies do not always show enhanced amygdala response to aversive stimuli in patients with anxiety disorders. Serotonin (5-HT)-related genotypes may contribute to interindividual variability in amygdala responsiveness. The short (s) allele of the 5-HT transporter linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) and the T variant of the G-703T polymorphism in the tryptophan hydroxylase-2 (TPH2) gene have previously been associated with amygdala hyperresponsivity to negative faces in healthy controls. We investigated the influence of these polymorphisms on amygdala responsiveness to angry faces in patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD) compared with healthy controls. METHODS: We used positron emission tomography with oxygen 15-labelled water to assess regional cerebral blood flow in 34 patients with SAD and 18 controls who viewed photographs of angry and neutral faces presented in counterbalanced order. We genotyped all participants with respect to the 5-HTTLPR and TPH2 polymorphisms. RESULTS: Patients with SAD and controls had increased left amygdala activation in response to angry compared with neutral faces. Genotype but not diagnosis explained a significant portion of the variance in amygdala responsiveness, the response being more pronounced in carriers of s and/or T alleles. LIMITATIONS: Our analyses were limited owing to the small sample and the fact that we were unable to match participants on genotype before enrollment. In addition, other imaging techniques not used in our study may have revealed additional effects of emotional stimuli. CONCLUSION: Amygdala responsiveness to angry faces was more strongly related to serotonergic polymorphisms than to diagnosis of SAD. Emotion activation studies comparing amygdala excitability in patient and control groups could benefit from taking variation in 5-HT-related genes into account.
Subject headings
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Farmakologi och toxikologi (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Basic Medicine -- Pharmacology and Toxicology (hsv//eng)
- SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP -- Psykologi -- Psykologi (hsv//swe)
- SOCIAL SCIENCES -- Psychology -- Psychology (hsv//eng)
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin -- Psykiatri (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine -- Psychiatry (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- Adult
- Amygdala
- radionuclide imaging
- Anxiety Disorders
- genetics
- psychology
- radionuclide imaging
- Emotions
- Female
- Gene Frequency
- Genotype
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Polymorphism
- Genetic
- genetics
- Positron-Emission Tomography
- Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
- Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
- genetics
- Tryptophan Hydroxylase
- genetics
- Young Adult
- MEDICINE
Publication and Content Type
- ref (subject category)
- art (subject category)
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