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CCR5 N-terminal region plays a critical role in HIV-1 inhibition by Toxoplasma gondii-derived cyclophilin-18
- Golding, H (author)
- Khurana, S (author)
- Yarovinsky, F (author)
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- King, L R (author)
- Abdoulaeva, G (author)
- Platt, EJ (author)
- Kabat, D (author)
- Andersen, J F (author)
- Sher, A (author)
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- (creator_code:org_t)
- 2005
- 2005
- English.
- In: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - 1083-351X. ; 280:33, s. 29570-29577
- Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract
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- Molecular mimicry of chemokine ligands has been described for several pathogens. Toxoplasma gondii produces a protein, cyclophilin-18 (C-18), which binds to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-receptor CCR5 and inhibits fusion and infection of T cells and macrophages by R5 viruses but not by X4 viruses. We recently identified structural determinants of C-18 required for anti-HIV activity (Yarovinsky, F., Andersen, J. F., King, L. R., Caspar, P., Aliberti, J., Golding, H., and Sher, A. ( 2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279, 53635 - 53642). Here we have elucidated the fine specificity of CCR5 residues involved in binding and HIV inhibitory potential of C-18. To delineate the regions of CCR5 involved in C-18 binding, we analyzed C-18 inhibition of cells expressing CXCR4/CCR5 chimeric receptors and CCR5 with a truncated N terminus (Delta 2-19). These experiments identified a critical role for the N terminus of CCR5 in C-18 binding and anti-HIV activity. Studies with a large panel of CCR5 N-terminal peptides, including Tyr-sulfated analogues, truncated peptides, and alanine-scanning mutants, suggested that each of the 12 - 17 amino acids in the N terminus of CCR5 are essential for C-18 binding and inhibitory activity. Tyr sulfation did not improve C-18 reactivity. This finding is of interest because the same CCR5 N-terminal region was shown previously to play a key role in binding of HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins. The elucidation of the functional C-18-binding mechanism may help in the rational design of novel antiviral agents against HIV.
Subject headings
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Farmakologi och toxikologi (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Basic Medicine -- Pharmacology and Toxicology (hsv//eng)
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- Golding, H
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- Yarovinsky, F
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- Owman, Christer
- Platt, EJ
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- Andersen, J F
- Sher, A
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