Enhancement of bound-state residual dipolar couplings: Conformational analysis of lactose bound to Galectin-3

• Residual dipolar couplings (RDCs) have proven to be a valuable NMR tool that can provide long-range constraints for molecular structure determination. The constraints are orientational in nature and are, thus, highly complementary to conventional distance constraints from NOE data. This complementarity would seem to extend to the study of the geometry of ligands bound to proteins. However, unlike transferred NOEs, where collection, even with a large excess of free ligand, results in measurements dominated by bound contributions, RDCs of exchanging ligands can be dominated by free-state contributions. Here we present a strategy for enhancement of RDCs from bound states that is based on specifically enhancing the alignment of the protein to which a ligand will bind. The protein is modified by addition of a hydrophobic alkyl tail that anchors it to the bicelles that are a part of the ordering medium needed for RDC measurement. As an illustration, we have added a propyl chain to the C terminus of the carbohydrate recognition domain of the protein, Galectin-3, and report enhanced RDCs that prove consistent with known bound-ligand geometries for this protein.

Subject headings

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Mikrobiologi inom det medicinska området (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Basic Medicine -- Microbiology in the medical area (hsv//eng)

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper -- Immunologi inom det medicinska området (hsv//swe)

MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Basic Medicine -- Immunology in the medical area (hsv//eng)

Keyword

transferred NOE

NMR

ligand conformation

rDC

lectin

carbohydrate

binding

Publication and Content Type

art (subject category)

ref (subject category)