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Annual direct medical cost of active systemic lupus erythematosus in five European countries

Doria, Andrea (author)
Amoura, Zahir (author)
Cervera, Ricard (author)
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Khamastha, Munther A. (author)
Schneider, Matthias (author)
Richter, Jutta (author)
Guillemin, Francis (author)
Kobelt, Gisela (author)
Lund University,Lunds universitet,Ortopedi, Lund,Sektion III,Institutionen för kliniska vetenskaper, Lund,Medicinska fakulteten,Orthopaedics (Lund),Section III,Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund,Faculty of Medicine
Maurel, Frederique (author)
Garofano, Anna (author)
Perna, Alessandra (author)
Murray, Miranda (author)
Schmitt, Claude (author)
Boucot, Isabelle (author)
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 (creator_code:org_t)
2012-12-21
2014
English.
In: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. - : BMJ. - 1468-2060 .- 0003-4967. ; 73:1, s. 154-160
Related links:
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  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract Subject headings
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  • Objectives To evaluate the annual direct medical cost of managing adult systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with active autoantibody positive disease in Europe. Methods A 2-year, retrospective, multicentre, observational study was conducted in five countries (France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK). Data included patients' characteristics, disease activity and severity, flare assessments and health resource use (eg, laboratory tests, medications, specialist visits and hospitalisations). Costs were assessed from the public payers' perspective. Cost predictors were estimated by multivariate regression models. Results Thirty-one centres enrolled 427 consecutive eligible patients stratified equally by disease severity. At baseline, mean (SD) age was 44.5 (13.8) years, 90.5% were women and mean (SD) SLE duration was 10.7 (8.0) years. The SELENA-SLEDAI (11.2 vs 5.3) and SLICC/ACR index (1.0 vs 0.7) scores were higher in severe patients. Over the study period, patients experienced on average 1.02 (0.71) flares/year. The mean annual direct medical cost was higher in severe compared to non-severe patients (Euro4748 vs Euro2650, p<0.001). Medication costs were Euro2518 in severe versus Euro1251 in non-severe patients (p<0.001). Medications represented 53% and 47% of the total cost for severe and non-severe patients, respectively, primarily due to immunosuppressants and biologics. Flares, especially severe flares, were identified as the major cost predictor, with each flare increasing the annual total cost by about Euro1002 (p<0.001). Conclusions The annual direct medical cost of SLE patients in Europe is related to disease severity and flares. Medical treatments were the main cost drivers. Severe flares and major organ involvement were identified as important cost predictors.

Subject headings

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin -- Reumatologi och inflammation (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine -- Rheumatology and Autoimmunity (hsv//eng)

Keyword

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Disease Activity
Autoantibodies
Economic
Evaluations
Autoimmune Diseases

Publication and Content Type

art (subject category)
ref (subject category)

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