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Causes and circumstances of death in stimulant and opioid use-A comparative study
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- Åhman, Ada (author)
- Lund University,Lunds universitet,Enheten för klinisk beroendeforskning,Forskargrupper vid Lunds universitet,Clinical addiction research unit,Lund University Research Groups
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- Wingren, Carl Johan (author)
- Lund University,Lunds universitet,Rättsmedicin,Forskargrupper vid Lunds universitet,Forensic Medicine,Lund University Research Groups,University of Copenhagen
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- Håkansson, Anders (author)
- Lund University,Lunds universitet,Enheten för klinisk beroendeforskning,Forskargrupper vid Lunds universitet,Clinical addiction research unit,Lund University Research Groups
- (creator_code:org_t)
- 2024
- 2024
- English.
- In: PLoS ONE. - 1932-6203. ; 19:2
- Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract
Subject headings
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- AIMS: To investigate the individual characteristics, causes and circumstances around deaths in stimulant use, and to examine how individuals who died with stimulants in their body differ from individuals who died with opioids in their body.METHODS: This study includes individuals who died during the years 2000-2018 and underwent a forensic autopsy at Forensic Medicine in Lund, Skåne County, Sweden. All individuals over 18 years of age with stimulants (n = 310), opioids (n = 2,039) or both stimulants and opioids (n = 385) in the body at the time of death, were included. The three groups were assessed regarding gender, age, place of death, BMI, other substances detected in forensic toxicological analysis, organ weights and underlying and contributing causes of death. The data were analysed by frequency and proportion calculations, cross-tabulations and comparisons of medians.RESULTS: The median age at death of the study population (n = 2,734) was 45.5 years (interquartile range ☯IQR] 32-60 years) and 73.2% were men. The most common cause of death in the stimulant group was suicide (26.8%), higher proportion compared to the opioid group (20.8%) (p = 0.017) and in the polysubstance group accidental poisoning (38.2%), higher proportion compared to the opioid group (18.0%) (p<0.001). Death by transport accidents was significantly associated with the stimulant group (p<0.001) as well as death by other accidents (p = 0.016).CONCLUSIONS: Individuals who died with stimulants in their body died at a higher rate from suicide, transport accidents and other accidents, compared to individuals who died with opioids in their body. This study indicates the need to identify and prevent psychiatric conditions, elevated suicide risk, and risk-taking behaviors among people who use stimulants.
Subject headings
- MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Annan medicin och hälsovetenskap -- Rättsmedicin (hsv//swe)
- MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Other Medical and Health Sciences -- Forensic Science (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- Humans
- Male
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Middle Aged
- Female
- Analgesics, Opioid/adverse effects
- Suicide
- Opioid-Related Disorders
- Autopsy
- Forensic Medicine
- Central Nervous System Stimulants
- Cause of Death
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- art (subject category)
- ref (subject category)
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