The genetic architecture of economic and political preferences

LIBRIS-ID:oai:prod.swepub.kib.ki.se:124626652
http://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:124626652URI
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1120666109DOI
https://research.hhs.se/esploro/outputs/journalArticle/The-genetic-architecture-of-economic-and/991001480468506056URI

Preferences are fundamental building blocks in all models of economic and political behavior. We study a new sample of comprehensively genotyped subjects with data on economic and political preferences and educational attainment. We use dense single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data to estimate the proportion of variation in these traits explained by common SNPs and to conduct genome-wide association study (GWAS) and prediction analyses. The pattern of results is consistent with findings for other complex traits. First, the estimated fraction of phenotypic variation that could, in principle, be explained by dense SNP arrays is around one-half of the narrow heritability estimated using twin and family samples. The molecular-genetic–based heritability estimates, therefore, partially corroborate evidence of significant heritability from behavior genetic studies. Second, our analyses suggest that these traits have a polygenic architecture, with the heritable variation explained by many genes with small effects. Our results suggest that most published genetic association studies with economic and political traits are dramatically underpowered, which implies a high false discovery rate. These results convey a cautionary message for whether, how, and how soon molecular genetic data can contribute to, and potentially transform, research in social science. We propose some constructive responses to the inferential challenges posed by the small explanatory power of individual SNPs.

Cesarini, DMassachusetts Institute of Technology (US) (author)
Johannesson, MagnusStockholm School of Economics,Handelshögskolan i Stockholm,Erasmus School of Economics (NL)(Swepub:hhs)198@hhs.se (author)
Dawes, CTMassachusetts Institute of Technology (US) (author)
Koellinger, PDErasmus School of Economics (NL) (author)
Magnusson, PKEKarolinska Institutet,Karolinska Institutet (SE) (author)
Chabris, CFUnion College (US) (author)
Conley, DMassachusetts Institute of Technology (US) (author)
Laibson, DHarvard University (US) (author)
Johannesson, M (author)
Visscher, PMUniversity of Queensland (AU) (author)
Cornell University (US)Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US) (creator_code:org_t)

In:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences109:21, s. 8026-80311091-64900027-8424
In:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences109:21, s. 8026-80310027-8424

By the author/editor: Benjamin, DJ; Cesarini, D; Johannesson, Mag ...; Dawes, CT; Koellinger, PD; Magnusson, PKE; show more...; Chabris, CF; Conley, D; Laibson, D; Johannesson, M; Visscher, PM; show less...

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