Processing and properties of thermoplastic composites containing cellulose nanocrystals or wood-based cellulose fibres

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Forsgren, Lilian,1990Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology (author)

Processing and properties of thermoplastic composites containing cellulose nanocrystals or wood-based cellulose fibres

BookEnglish2020

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Gothenburg,2020
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LIBRIS-ID:oai:research.chalmers.se:27b83189-4632-476e-a078-708f3421ab52
ISBN:9789179053963
https://research.chalmers.se/publication/519943URI

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Language:English
Summary in:English

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Subject category:vet swepub-contenttype

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Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were surface modified with dialkylamines to increase the compatibility between the CNC and the polymeric matrix, and promising results were obtained, with a 300 % stiffness increase when the mixed dispersion was compression moulded on a laboratory scale. The manufacturing process was up-scaled using water-assisted mixing in a twin-screw extruder (TSE) followed by a second compounding step and injection moulding (IM). The composites were successfully produced using conventional melt-processing techniques but these did not show the same improvement in mechanical performance, probably due to the formation of CNC aggregates. There were indications of network formation when CNC was added, especially in the case of surface-modified CNC. Cellulose fibres and thermomechanical pulp were used as reinforcement in similar types of polymer matrices and the mixtures were similarly processed by TSE and IM. These materials were characterized with regard to appearance and durability. The discoloration of the composites due to excessive heat during processing did not significantly affect their mechanical properties, and the addition of the cellulose-based reinforcement to the polymer did not reduce its resistance to thermo-oxidative degradation compared to that of the pure matrix. In fact, the resistance to degradation was increased when lignin was present in the reinforcing element, showing a synergistic effect together with the added anti-oxidant. Superior properties were expected for the CNC composites compared to those of the larger cellulose fibre reinforcements, but in continuous production the stiffening effects were similar regardless of reinforcement type. These results confirm that the processing method and properties strongly affect the final properties of the composite.

Subject headings and genre

TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER Materialteknik hsv//swe
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY Materials Engineering hsv//eng
TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER Materialteknik Pappers-, massa- och fiberteknik hsv//swe
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY Materials Engineering Paper, Pulp and Fiber Technology hsv//eng
TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER Materialteknik Bearbetnings-, yt- och fogningsteknik hsv//swe
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY Materials Engineering Manufacturing, Surface and Joining Technology hsv//eng
TEKNIK OCH TEKNOLOGIER Materialteknik Kompositmaterial och -teknik hsv//swe
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY Materials Engineering Composite Science and Engineering hsv//eng
Extrusion
Cellulose nanocrystals
Cellulose
Thermal stability
Tensile properties
Wood-based fibres
Injection moulding
Composite

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