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The ALMA Survey of ...
The ALMA Survey of 70 μm Dark High-mass Clumps in Early Stages (ASHES). XI. Statistical Study of Early Fragmentation
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- Morii, Kaho (author)
- University of Tokyo, Japan,National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
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- Sanhueza, Patricio (author)
- The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI),National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
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- Zhang, Q. (author)
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
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- Nakamura, Fumitaka (author)
- University of Tokyo, Japan,The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI),National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
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- Li, Shanghuo (author)
- Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG)
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- Sabatini, Giovanni (author)
- Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri,Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory
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- Olguin, Fernando A. (author)
- National Tsing Hua University
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- Beuther, H. (author)
- Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG)
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- Tafoya, Daniel, 1981 (author)
- Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology
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- Izumi, Natsuko (author)
- Academia Sinica Taiwan
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- Tatematsu, Ken’ichi (author)
- The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI),National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
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- Sakai, T. (author)
- University of Electro-Communications
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(creator_code:org_t)
- 2024
- 2024
- English.
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In: Astrophysical Journal. - 1538-4357 .- 0004-637X. ; 966:2
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Abstract
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- Fragmentation during the early stages of high-mass star formation is crucial for understanding the formation of high-mass clusters. We investigated fragmentation within 39 high-mass star-forming clumps as part of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Survey of 70 μm Dark High-mass Clumps in Early Stages (ASHES) survey. Considering projection effects, we have estimated core separations for 839 cores identified from the continuum emission and found mean values between 0.08 and 0.32 pc within each clump. We find compatibility of the observed core separations and masses with the thermal Jeans length and mass, respectively. We also present subclump structures revealed by the 7 m array continuum emission. Comparison of the Jeans parameters using clump and subclump densities with the separation and masses of gravitationally bound cores suggests that they can be explained by clump fragmentation, implying the simultaneous formation of subclumps and cores within rather than a step-by-step hierarchical fragmentation. The number of cores in each clump positively correlates with the clump surface density and the number expected from the thermal Jeans fragmentation. We also find that the higher the fraction of protostellar cores, the larger the dynamic range of the core mass, implying that the cores are growing in mass as the clump evolves. The ASHES sample exhibits various fragmentation patterns: aligned, scattered, clustered, and subclustered. Using the Q -parameter, which can help distinguish between centrally condensed and subclustered spatial core distributions, we finally find that in the early evolutionary stages of high-mass star formation, cores tend to follow a subclustered distribution.
Subject headings
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap -- Meteorologi och atmosfärforskning (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Earth and Related Environmental Sciences -- Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences (hsv//eng)
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Fysik -- Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Physical Sciences -- Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology (hsv//eng)
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Matematik -- Sannolikhetsteori och statistik (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Mathematics -- Probability Theory and Statistics (hsv//eng)
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Morii, Kaho
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Sanhueza, Patric ...
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Zhang, Q.
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Nakamura, Fumita ...
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Li, Shanghuo
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Sabatini, Giovan ...
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show more...
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Olguin, Fernando ...
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Beuther, H.
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Tafoya, Daniel, ...
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Izumi, Natsuko
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Tatematsu, Ken’i ...
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Sakai, T.
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- NATURAL SCIENCES
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NATURAL SCIENCES
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and Earth and Relate ...
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and Meteorology and ...
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- NATURAL SCIENCES
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NATURAL SCIENCES
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and Physical Science ...
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and Astronomy Astrop ...
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- NATURAL SCIENCES
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NATURAL SCIENCES
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and Mathematics
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and Probability Theo ...
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Chalmers University of Technology