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Precise mass determ...
Precise mass determination for the keystone sub-Neptune planet transiting the mid-type M dwarf G 9-40
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- Luque, R. (author)
- University of Chicago,Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucía (IAA),Institute of Astrophysics of Andalusia (IAA)
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- Nowak, G. (author)
- Universidad de la Laguna,University of La Laguna,Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
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- Hirano, T. (author)
- Astrobiology Center, Japan
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- Kossakowski, D. (author)
- Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG)
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- Palle, E. (author)
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias,Universidad de la Laguna,University of La Laguna
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- Nixon, M. C. (author)
- University Of Cambridge
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- Morello, G. (author)
- Universidad de la Laguna,University of La Laguna,Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
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- Amado, P. J. (author)
- Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucía (IAA),Institute of Astrophysics of Andalusia (IAA)
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- Albrecht, S. H. (author)
- Århus Universitet,Aarhus University
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- Caballero, J. A. (author)
- European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC)
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- Cifuentes, C. (author)
- European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC)
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- Cochran, W. D. (author)
- The University of Texas at Austin, USA,The University of Texas at Austin, USA
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- Deeg, H. J. (author)
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias,Universidad de la Laguna,University of La Laguna
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- Dreizler, S. (author)
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen,University of Göttingen
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- Esparza-Borges, E. (author)
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias,Universidad de la Laguna,University of La Laguna
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- Fukui, A. (author)
- University of Tokyo, Japan,Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
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- Gandolfi, D. (author)
- Universita degli Studi di Torino,University of Turin
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- Goffo, E. (author)
- Universita degli Studi di Torino,University of Turin,Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg
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- Guenther, E. W. (author)
- Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg
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- Hatzes, A. P. (author)
- Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg
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- Henning, T. (author)
- Max Planck Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. (MPG),Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (MPG)
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- Kabath, P. (author)
- Czech Academy of Sciences
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- Kawauchi, K. (author)
- Universidad de la Laguna,University of La Laguna,Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
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- Korth, Judith, 1987 (author)
- Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology
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- Kotani, T. (author)
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
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- Kudo, T. (author)
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
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- Kuzuhara, M. (author)
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
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- Lafarga, M. (author)
- The University of Warwick
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- Lam, K. W. F. (author)
- Deutsches Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR),German Aerospace Center (DLR)
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- Livingston, J. (author)
- Astrobiology Center, Japan,The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI),National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
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- Morales, J. C. (author)
- Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC),Institute of Space Studies of Catalonia (IEEC),Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas,Spanish National Research Council
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- Muresan, Alexandra, 1997 (author)
- Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology
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- Murgas, F. (author)
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias,Universidad de la Laguna,University of La Laguna
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- Narita, N. (author)
- University of Tokyo, Japan,Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias,Astrobiology Center, Japan
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- Osborne, H. L. M. (author)
- University College London (UCL)
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- Parviainen, H. (author)
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias,Universidad de la Laguna,University of La Laguna
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- Passegger, V. M. (author)
- The University of Oklahoma
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- Persson, Carina, 1964 (author)
- Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology
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- Quirrenbach, A. (author)
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg,Heidelberg University
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- Redfield, S. (author)
- Wesleyan University
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- Reffert, S. (author)
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg,Heidelberg University
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- Reiners, A. (author)
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen,University of Göttingen
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- Ribas, I (author)
- Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas,Spanish National Research Council,Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC),Institute of Space Studies of Catalonia (IEEC)
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- Serrano, L. M. (author)
- Universita degli Studi di Torino,University of Turin
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- Tamura, M. (author)
- University of Tokyo, Japan,Astrobiology Center, Japan,National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
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- Van Eylen, V. (author)
- University College London (UCL)
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- Watanabe, N. (author)
- University of Tokyo, Japan
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Osorio, M. R. Zapatero (author)
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(creator_code:org_t)
- 2022-10-21
- 2022
- English.
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In: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 666
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https://doi.org/10.1...
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Abstract
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- Context. Despite being a prominent subset of the exoplanet population discovered in the past three decades, the nature and provenance of sub-Neptune-sized planets is still one of the open questions in exoplanet science. Aims. For planets orbiting bright stars, precisely measuring the orbital and planet parameters of the system is the best approach to distinguish between competing theories regarding their formation and evolution. Methods. We obtained 69 new radial velocity observations of the mid-M dwarf G 9-40 with the CARMENES instrument to measure for the first time the mass of its transiting sub-Neptune planet, G 9-40 b, discovered in data from the K2 mission. Results. Combined with new observations from the TESS mission during Sectors 44, 45, and 46, we are able to measure the radius of the planet to an uncertainty of 3.4% (R-b = 1.900 +/- 0.065 R-circle plus) and determine its mass with a precision of 16% (M-b = 4.00 +/- 0.63 M-circle plus). The resulting bulk density of the planet is inconsistent with a terrestrial composition and suggests the presence of either a water-rich core or a significant hydrogen-rich envelope. Conclusions. G 9-40 b is referred to as a keystone planet due to its location in period-radius space within the radius valley. Several theories offer explanations for the origin and properties of this population and this planet is a valuable target for testing the dependence of those models on stellar host mass. By virtue of its brightness and small size of the host, it joins L 98-59 d as one of the two best warm (T-eq similar to 400 K) sub-Neptunes for atmospheric characterization with JWST, which will probe cloud formation in sub-Neptune-sized planets and break the degeneracies of internal composition models.
Subject headings
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap -- Meteorologi och atmosfärforskning (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Earth and Related Environmental Sciences -- Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences (hsv//eng)
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Fysik -- Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Physical Sciences -- Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology (hsv//eng)
- NATURVETENSKAP -- Fysik -- Annan fysik (hsv//swe)
- NATURAL SCIENCES -- Physical Sciences -- Other Physics Topics (hsv//eng)
Keyword
- planetary systems
- stars: low-mass
- stars: individual: G 9-40
- techniques: radial velocities
- techniques: photometric
Publication and Content Type
- art (subject category)
- ref (subject category)
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- By the author/editor
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Luque, R.
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Nowak, G.
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Hirano, T.
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Kossakowski, D.
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Palle, E.
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Nixon, M. C.
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show more...
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Morello, G.
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Amado, P. J.
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Albrecht, S. H.
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Caballero, J. A.
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Cifuentes, C.
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Cochran, W. D.
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Deeg, H. J.
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Dreizler, S.
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Esparza-Borges, ...
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Fukui, A.
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Gandolfi, D.
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Goffo, E.
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Guenther, E. W.
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Hatzes, A. P.
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Henning, T.
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Kabath, P.
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Kawauchi, K.
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Korth, Judith, 1 ...
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Kotani, T.
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Kudo, T.
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Kuzuhara, M.
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Lafarga, M.
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Lam, K. W. F.
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Livingston, J.
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Morales, J. C.
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Muresan, Alexand ...
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Murgas, F.
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Narita, N.
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Osborne, H. L. M ...
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Parviainen, H.
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Passegger, V. M.
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Persson, Carina, ...
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Quirrenbach, A.
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Redfield, S.
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Reffert, S.
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Reiners, A.
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Ribas, I
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Serrano, L. M.
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Tamura, M.
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Van Eylen, V.
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Watanabe, N.
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Osorio, M. R. Za ...
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Chalmers University of Technology