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Lipidome changes due to improved dietary fat quality inform cardiometabolic risk reduction and precision nutrition

Eichelmann, Fabian (author)
Prada, Marcela (author)
Sellem, Laury (author)
University of Reading
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Jackson, Kim G. (author)
University of Reading
Salas-Salvadó, Jordi (author)
Razquin Burillo, Cristina (author)
Universidad de Navarra,University of Navarra
Estruch, Ramon (author)
Universitat de Barcelona,University of Barcelona
Friedén, Michael (author)
Rosqvist, Fredrik (author)
Risérus, Ulf (author)
Rexrode, Kathryn (author)
Brigham and Women's Hospital
Guasch-Ferré, Marta (author)
Harvard School of Public Health, United States,Novo Nordisk Fonden,Novo Nordisk Foundation
Sun, Qi (author)
Harvard School of Public Health, United States,Brigham and Women's Hospital
Willett, Walter C. (author)
Harvard School of Public Health, United States
Martínez-González, Miguel A. (author)
Harvard School of Public Health, United States,Universidad de Navarra,University of Navarra
Lovegrove, Julie A. (author)
University of Reading
Hu, Frank B. (author)
Harvard School of Public Health, United States
Schulze, Matthias B. (author)
Universität Potsdam,University of Potsdam
Wittenbecher, Clemens, 1981 (author)
Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology
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 (creator_code:org_t)
2024
2024
English.
In: Nature Medicine. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; In Press
Related links:
https://doi.org/10.1...
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  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract Subject headings
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  • Current cardiometabolic disease prevention guidelines recommend increasing dietary unsaturated fat intake while reducing saturated fats. Here we use lipidomics data from a randomized controlled dietary intervention trial to construct a multilipid score (MLS), summarizing the effects of replacing saturated fat with unsaturated fat on 45 lipid metabolite concentrations. In the EPIC-Potsdam cohort, a difference in the MLS, reflecting better dietary fat quality, was associated with a significant reduction in the incidence of cardiovascular disease (−32%; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): −21% to −42%) and type 2 diabetes (−26%; 95% CI: −15% to −35%). We built a closely correlated simplified score, reduced MLS (rMLS), and observed that beneficial rMLS changes, suggesting improved dietary fat quality over 10 years, were associated with lower diabetes risk (odds ratio per standard deviation of 0.76; 95% CI: 0.59 to 0.98) in the Nurses’ Health Study. Furthermore, in the PREDIMED trial, an olive oil-rich Mediterranean diet intervention primarily reduced diabetes incidence among participants with unfavorable preintervention rMLS levels, suggestive of disturbed lipid metabolism before intervention. Our findings indicate that the effects of dietary fat quality on the lipidome can contribute to a more precise understanding and possible prediction of the health outcomes of specific dietary fat modifications.

Subject headings

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Klinisk medicin -- Endokrinologi och diabetes (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Clinical Medicine -- Endocrinology and Diabetes (hsv//eng)
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP  -- Hälsovetenskap -- Näringslära (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES  -- Health Sciences -- Nutrition and Dietetics (hsv//eng)

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