| 31. |
- Karlsson, Tom, 1979
(author)
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Shaping NPM: Social Democratic Values at Work
- 2017
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In: Lapsley, I. & Knutsson, H. (Eds.) Modernizing the Public Sector: Scandinavian Perspectives. - London : Routledge. - 9781138675940
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this chapter, New Public Management (NPM) reforms are discussed, with focus on the Swedish public sector. The purpose is to question assumptions concerning the emergence of NPM within a Swedish context. A historical review reveals that reforms within the Swedish public sector express a heavy influence from the private sector; the idea of letting business and commercial logics guide the rationales of public sector reforms can be traced back to the early 20th century. The findings presented in this chapter are of particular interest for policy makers and public managers within public organisations. One conclusion is that the pragmatism and reformism characterising Swedish social democracy during the post-World War II era has enabled an adaption and adoption for emerging NPM policies; Scandinavian thinking has not focused on bad practices but rather on evolving reforms. This has resulted in responsiveness for reforms, ultimately leading to a distinctly Swedish form of NPM emerging from the need to satisfy both socialism and capitalism.
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| 32. |
- Karlsson, Tom, 1979
(author)
-
Styrparadoxens förvaltare - om styrning och komplexitet i offentlig förvaltning
- 2010
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In: Nordisk Workshop i Ekonomi- och Verksamhetsstyrning.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Ekonomi- och verksamhetsstyrning syftar i grund och botten till att driva en orga- nisation (Bergstrand, 2003) och dess medlemmar (Lindvall, 2001) i en viss rikt- ning. Komplexa organisationsstrukturer medför ofta att förutsättningarna för att styrningen ska vara lyckad kompliceras. I samtida organisationer av betydande storlek, såväl inom den privata som den offentliga sektorn, förekommer det mer ofta än sällan att stödjande funktioner inskränker på den operationella chefsauktoriteten (Mintzberg, 1983) vilket kan medföra att flera styrsignaler kan förekomma samtidigt (Galbraith, 1973; 1977). Inom offentlig förvaltning har styrning traditionellt sett fokuserat på regelbaserad styrning (Ouchi & Maguire, 1975) där fokus legat på att styra hur arbetet ska genomföras. Med influenser av New Public Management (Hood, 1991; 1995) har ett skifte kommit till stånd vilket fått konsekvenser för hur styrningen uppfattas inom offentlig förvaltning. En ökad ekonomisering har medfört att förvaltare inom den offentliga förvaltningen tvingas välja mellan demokratiska och ekonomiska värden i sitt dagliga arbete (Lundquist, 1992; 1997; 1998; 1999). Efter en pilotstudie av Försäkringskassan massiva omstruktureringen indikeras att dubbla och paradoxala styrlogiker byggts in i organisationen som resultat av ett ökat processfokus och konkurrerande målbilder. För att bygga vidare på denna pilotstudie bör studien fortsatt bevara frågan om hur första och andra linjens chefer inom offentlig förvaltning förhåller sig till (och löser) paradoxala styrlogiker och konkurrerande målsättningar i den vardagliga verksamheten? Syftet med studien är att bidra till en utvidgning av språket kring styrning av of- fentlig förvaltningar genom att frilägga och synliggöra underliggande paradoxer mellan demokrati och ekonomiska verktyg. Utöver detta menar jag att studien i högsta grad kan bidra till en ökad förståelse hos beslutsfattare inom svensk offentlig förvaltning kring den komplexitet som råder vid styrning av offentligt organiserade förvaltningar genom en rik återgivning av det förändringsarbete som stude- rats.
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| 33. |
- Karlsson, Tom, 1979, et al.
(author)
-
The communicative strength of calculative practices during crises
- 2023
-
In: International Research Society for Public Management (IRSPM). - Corvinus University of Budapest.
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In this paper we approach the phenomenon of calculative practices from a multimodal language perspective. More specifically, we study the use of calculations, numbers, and graphs as ideological tools for convincing or persuading others that things are under control. Drawing on critical discourse analysis, we aim to identify the deployment of rhetorical strategies to legitimate or de-legitimate certain actions. We argue that calculative practices have an especially strong communicative character, which can be utilised to both shock and scare people into submission. We believe that these effects are most salient under extreme external pressures, such as during an ongoing pandemic crisis.
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| 34. |
- Karlsson, Tom, 1979
(author)
-
The (re)production of accountability within the Swedish public sector
- 2009
-
In: The Gothenburg Public Management seminar 2009.
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Accountability and responsibility are two notions that are deeply connected and intertwined. The prevailing notion is that personnel should be held accountable for actions made that are connected to the area which they are responsible for. However, contemporary research has tried to understand the underlying assumptions of what accountability is. In this sense accountability becomes the alignment between overall societal norms and individual actions. But whereas previous research has been content with either an actor- or structure approach this paper tries to bridge these standpoints by engaging Giddens (1984) Structuration theory. Viewing accountability as a social system, this paper focuses on extending our knowledge of how this is produced and reproduced during organisational change within the Swedish public sector. The case used in this paper derives from in-depth inter- views, participatory observations and documental studies of the Swedish social in- surance agency. The analysis is conducted though a separation and identification of structures of signification, domination and legitimation. This paper concludes that the diverging modes of managerial- and bureaucratic discourses, derived from changes in surrounding societal norms and organisational control systems, sup- ports and reinforces the reproduction of accountability as a social system.
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| 35. |
- Karlsson, Tom, 1979
(author)
-
The search for managerial discretion: How responsiveness is competing with neutrality in public management
- 2016
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In: Lund Public Management Seminar.
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This paper concerns how managerial discretion is rationalised on an actor level within organisations that are characterised by reforms commonly discussed as New Public Management (NPM). The paper argues that positions of public management in the 21st century places civil servants in a position of increasing levels of demands and expectations from politicians as well as citizens. It is argued that within these contexts, public management needs to find ways of increasing authority in order to cope with such demands. The empirical data presented in this paper consist of a longitudinal study, wherein focus is kept on reforms towards increasing managerial activities within the organisation. The major contributions presented in the paper concerns how an emerging change of (managerial) logics has come to progress ideas of responsive administration in favour over neutrality in the form of (public) administration.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Karlsson, Olov, et al.
(author)
-
Presence of water-soluble compounds in thermally modified wood: Carbohydrates and furfurals
- 2012
-
In: BioResources. - 1930-2126. ; 7:3, s. 3679-3689
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- With thermal modification, changes in properties of wood, such as the presence of VOC and water-soluble carbohydrates, may occur. Thermal modifications under saturated steam conditions (160°C or 170°C) and superheated steam conditions (170, 185, and 212°C) were investigated by analysing the presence of water-soluble 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF), furfural, and carbohydrates in heat-treated wood. The influence of thermal modifications on Scots pine, Norway spruce, and silver birch was also studied. Furfurals were analysed using HPLC at 280 nm, while monosaccharides and water-soluble carbohydrates were determined by GC-FID as their acetylated alditiols and, after methanolysis, as their trimethylsilylated methyl-glycosides, respectively. The amount of furfurals was larger in boards thermally modified under saturated steam conditions than those treated under superheated steam conditions. Generally, more of HMF than furfural was found in the thermally modified boards. In process water, in which saturated steam conditions had been used, furfural and only traces of HMF were found. Higher content of water-soluble carbohydrates was found in boards treated in saturated steam rather than in superheated steam. After modification in saturated steam, substantial parts of the water-soluble carbohydrates were due to monosaccharides, but only traces of monosaccharides were found in boards treated under superheated steam conditions.
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| 39. |
- Karlsson, Olov, et al.
(author)
-
Heat treatments of high temperature dried norway spruce boards: Saccharides and furfurals in sapwood surfaces
- 2012
-
In: BioResources. - : BioResources. - 1930-2126. ; 7:2, s. 2284-2299
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Carbohydrates that migrate to wood surfaces in sapwood during drying might influence properties such as mould susceptibility and colour. Sugars on the surface of Norway spruce boards during various heat treatments were studied. Samples (350mm×125mm×25mm) were double-stacked, facing sapwood-side outwards, and dried at 110°C to a target moisture content (MC) of 40%. Dried sub-samples (80 mm × 125 mm × 25 mm) were stacked in a similar way and further heated at 110°C and at 130°C for 12, 24, and 36 hours, respectively. Glucose, fructose, and sucrose as well as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and furfural in the sapwood surface layer of treated wood were analysed using HPLC (RI- and UV-detectors). Carbohydrates degraded to a lower extent at 110°C than at 130°C. Furfural and to a larger extent HMF increased with treatment period and temperature. Heat treatment led to a decrease in lightness and hue of the sapwood surface of sub-samples, while chroma increased somewhat. Furthermore, considerably faster degradation (within a few minutes) of the carbohydrates on the surface of the dried spruce boards was observed when single sub-samples were conductively hot pressed at 200°C. Treatment period and initial MC influenced the presence of the carbohydrates in wood surface as well as colour change (ΔE ab) of the hot pressed sub-samples.
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| 40. |
- Karlsson, Olov, et al.
(author)
-
Influence of heat transferring media on durability of thermally modified wood
- 2011
-
In: BioResources. - : BioResources. - 1930-2126. ; 6:1, s. 356-372
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Studies on the durability and dimensional stability of a series of hardwoods and softwoods after thermal modification in vegetable oils and in steam atmospheres have been performed. Mass loss after exposure to Coniophora puteana (BAM Ebw. 15) for 16 weeks was very low for European birch, European aspen, Norway spruce, and Scots pine thermally modified in a linseed oil product with preservative (for 1 hour at 200 degrees C). Fairly low mass losses were obtained for wood thermally modified in linseed-, tung-and rapeseed oil, and losses were related to the wood species. Low mass loss during rot test was also found for Norway spruce and Scots pine modified in saturated steam at 180 degrees C. Water absorption of pine and aspen was reduced by the thermal treatments and the extent of reduction was dependent on wood species and thermal modification method. Thermally modified aspen was stable during cycling climate tests, whereas pine showed considerable cracking when modified under superheated steam conditions (Thermo D). At lower modification temperature (180 degrees C) an increase in mass after modification in rapeseed oil of spruce, aspen and sapwood as well as heartwood of pine was observed, whereas at high temperature (240 degrees C) a mass loss could be found. Oil absorption in room tempered oil after thermal modification in oil was high for the more permeable aspen and pine (sapwood).
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