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Sökning: L773:0896 6273

  • Resultat 1-10 av 174
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  • Barg, Sebastian, et al. (författare)
  • Delay between fusion pore opening and peptide release from large dense-core vesicles in neuroendocrine cells.
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: Neuron. - 0896-6273 .- 1097-4199. ; 33:2, s. 287-299
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Peptidergic neurotransmission is slow compared to that mediated by classical neurotransmitters. We have studied exocytotic membrane fusion and cargo release by simultaneous capacitance measurements and confocal imaging of single secretory vesicles in neuroendocrine cells. Depletion of the readily releasable pool (RRP) correlated with exocytosis of 10%-20% of the docked vesicles. Some remaining vesicles became releasable after recovery of RRP. Expansion of the fusion pore, seen as an increase in luminal pH, occurred after approximately 0.3 s, and peptide release was delayed by another 1-10 s. We conclude that (1) RRP refilling involves chemical modification of vesicles already in place, (2) the release of large neuropeptides via the fusion pore is negligible and only proceeds after complete fusion, and (3) sluggish peptidergic transmission reflects the time course of vesicle emptying.
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  • Jörntell, Henrik, et al. (författare)
  • Reciprocal bidirectional plasticity of parallel fiber receptive fields in cerebellar Purkinje cells and their afferent interneurons.
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: Neuron. - 0896-6273. ; 34:5, s. 797-806
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The highly specific relationships between parallel fiber (PF) and climbing fiber (CF) receptive fields in Purkinje cells and interneurons suggest that normal PF receptive fields are established by CF-specific plasticity. To test this idea, we used PF stimulation that was either paired or unpaired with CF activity. Conspicuously, unpaired PF stimulation that induced long-lasting, very large increases in the receptive field sizes of Purkinje cells induced long-lasting decreases in receptive field sizes of their afferent interneurons. In contrast, PF stimulation paired with CF activity that induced long-lasting decreases in the receptive fields of Purkinje cells induced long-lasting, large increases in the receptive fields of interneurons. These properties, and the fact the mossy fiber receptive fields were unchanged, suggest that the receptive field changes were due to bidirectional PF synaptic plasticity in Purkinje cells and interneurons.
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  • Zeron, Melinda M, et al. (författare)
  • Increased Sensitivity to N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor-Mediated Excitotoxicity in a Mouse Model of Huntington's Disease.
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: Neuron. - 0896-6273. ; 33:6, s. 849-860
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Previous work suggests N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activation may be involved in degeneration of medium-sized spiny striatal neurons in Huntington's disease (HD). Here we show that these neurons are more vulnerable to NMDAR-mediated death in a YAC transgenic FVB/N mouse model of HD expressing full-length mutant huntingtin, compared with wild-type FVB/N mice. Excitotoxic death of these neurons was increased after intrastriatal injection of quinolinate in vivo, and after NMDA but not AMPA exposure in culture. NMDA-induced cell death was abolished by an NR2B subtype-specific antagonist. In contrast, NMDAR-mediated death of cerebellar granule neurons was not enhanced, consistent with cell-type and NMDAR subtype specificity. Moreover, increased NMDA-evoked current amplitude and caspase-3 activity were observed in transgenic striatal neurons. Our data support a role for NR2B-subtype NMDAR activation as a trigger for selective neuronal degeneration in HD.
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