| 1. |
- Karlsson, Tom, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Higher Education Marketization: a Case of Language and Colliding Interests
- 2021
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Ingår i: Public Organization Review. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1566-7170 .- 1573-7098. ; 21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article examines how market interests and state regulations come into play as policy makers engage in establishing language primacy within higher education (HE). More specifically, the focus concerns issues of internationalization within a multi-lingual context, manifested in language policies (LP). LPs are constructed in order to sort out which language to give primacy. Findings demonstrate how HE is balancing between invoking markets obfuscated through internationalization whilst simultaneously restricting market effects through state regulations. The promulgation of certain languages supports and weakens market and state interests. This article contributes to research and practice in HE, presenting future obstacles and challenges.
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| 2. |
- Karlsson, Tom, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Marketization of Higher Education
- 2021
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Ingår i: Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319318165
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Higher education is usually conceptualized as being autonomous from market and state interventions. Academic scholars have been free to organize and realize educational content on their own terms. One reason for this lies in the academic freedom, which safeguards the pursuit of knowledge and a right to educate students on such knowledge. Increasingly, higher education has been subjected to global trends of internationalization. This implies the construction of a global agenda for facilitating student and staff mobility in order to increase student employability across borders and instigate a comparability of different degrees. An effect of internationalization is that competition has been introduced in higher education, leading to changing pedagogical practices and understandings of higher education is. Drawing from economic theory, it can be argued that internationalization transforms higher education from a public to a private good, making it susceptible to market powers. This process can be labeled marketization, meaning that higher education becomes a service as any other.
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| 3. |
- Karlsson, Tom, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Martketization of Higher Education
- 2021
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Ingår i: Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance / Editors: Ali Farazmand. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319318165 ; , s. 1-9
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
- Karlsson, Susanna, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Language policy as ‘frozen’ ideology: exploring the administrative function in Swedish higher education
- 2020
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Ingår i: Current Issues in Language Planning. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1466-4208 .- 1747-7506. ; 21:1, s. 67-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article examines Language Policy documents within higher education institutions in Sweden. Its main focus is on how national language policies and policies for internationalization of the higher education are reinterpreted as local language policy. The analysis of ideologies surrounding the prescribed language(s) in meetings of decision making bodies in fifteen local Language Policy documents reveals how a monolingual national language policy is negotiated to accommodate an internationalized multilingual workplace. When the multilingual context of the internationalized university intrudes on the nationally oriented context of public administration, which favors Swedish as a default language, there are two solutions to be found in the language policy documents. (1) a temporary or permanent shift towards an internationally oriented monolingual context by allowing the use of another language, favoring English, or (2) a temporary or permanent shift towards parallel language-informed practices. Restrictive measures are found to construct situations where participation is made possible for non-regular non-Swedish-speaking members, while permissive measures provide inclusion for regular non-Swedish-speaking members, too.
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| 5. |
- Karlsson, Tom, 1979
(författare)
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Att vara kund till staten
- 2020
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Ingår i: Statlig förvaltningspolitik för 2020-talet: En forskningsantologi. - Stockholm : Statskontoret.
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Det har blivit allt vanligare att myndigheter pratar om kunder. Det kan handla om tämligen ytliga fall som när Transportstyrelsen hänvisar till kundtjänst på sina hemsidor. I andra fall handlar det om hur till exempel Pensionsmyndigheten mäter och utvärderar kundnöjdhet som indikation på om myndigheten möter de kvar om god kvalitet som ställs på den offentliga sektorn. Det kan också handla om till synes mer genom-gripande förändringar som när Försäkringskassan inom organisationen diskuterar medborgare som kunder, eller när Arbetsförmedlingen inför så kallade kundresor för att öka servicetillgängligheten i verksamheten. I det här kapitlet diskuterar jag statsförvaltningens olika försök att skapa förutsättningar för en kundroll inom statlig verksamhet. Syftet är att problematisera användningen av kundbegreppet inom olika statliga verksamheter.
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| 6. |
- Firtin, Cemil Eren, et al.
(författare)
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(Re)descriptions of medical professional work: exploring accounting as a performative device within an emergency unit health-care context : Exploring accounting as a performative device
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting and Financial Management. - 1096-3367. ; 32:2, s. 159-176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Purpose This article addresses issues of calculation and economization in contemporary public organizations. In particular, it investigates how choices of organizing emergency health-care have been affected by accounting as a performative device. Special attention has been paid to how accounting brings about performative consequences in shaping the medical profession and its context. Design/methodology/approach The article employs qualitative research methods and draws its analysis on empirical data from in-depth interviews at an emergency health-care unit in Sweden. Findings It is demonstrated how accounting, in the form of calculations of treatment time and number of patients, enables performative consequences for medical professional work. It is also demonstrated how the use of accounting engages (re)descriptions of practices and roles, creates accounts of patients, and helps to sustain such (re)descriptions. Accounting terms (such as efficiency and control) have been reframed into medical terminology (such as health-care quality and security), ensuring and retaining (re)described medical professional work in terms of practices and emerging roles. Originality/value This article contributes to (1) the literature on accounting practices within health-care contexts by demonstrating a case where the accounting ideas and practices of medical professionals are coexistent and interwoven and (2) the increasing body of literature focusing on accountingization by showing how emerging calculative technologies carry performative power over medical professional work through formative (re)descriptions.
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| 7. |
- Funck, Elin K., Docent, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Handbok för systematiska litteratur- och dokumentstudier inom samhällsvetenskapen
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport syftar till att inspirera studenter (och forskare) att pröva på att använda systematiska litteratur- och dokumentstudier i sina uppsatser. Rapportens struktur följer en generell arbetsprocess för en uppsats som använder dessa metoder. Faser som planering, genomförande och sammanställning av studier beskrivs och problematiseras. I rapporten exemplifieras och konkretiseras de metodologiska diskussionerna med syften, frågeställningar, teoretiska inramningar, resultatbeskrivningar och analyser hämtade från såväl studenters uppsatser som vår egen forskning. En viktig del i rapporten är synliggörandet av studenters egna röster och åsikter. Tidigare studenter har bjudits in att för att reflektera över sitt arbete med litteratur- eller dokumentstudier. Studenternas reflektioner har vävts in löpande i rapporten, men redovisas också separat i ett eget kapitel.
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| 8. |
- Funck, Elin K., 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Twenty-five years of studying new public management in public administration: Accomplishments and limitations
- 2020
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Ingår i: Financial Accountability and Management. - : Wiley. - 0267-4424 .- 1468-0408. ; 36:4, s. 347-375
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 1991, Christopher Hood made a substantial contribution to pub- lic administration research when he formulated the concept of new public management (NPM). His article can in many ways be understood as an enabler of research focused on public sector reforms. To this day, numerous articles and books have been published, discussing the concept itself and the empirical phenomenon. In celebration of the 25-year period since the concept of NPM was introduced, this article revisits the current knowledge through a systematic literature review of 299 articles published between 1991 and 2016. This approach enables a meta-analysis of research published in five topranked international public administration journals. We identify four important themes as emerging from our review: (a) a reform with a vague intention, (b) the limping concept, (c) the one-sided perspective, and (d) NPM as the new norm. An important effect of this is that Hood’s framework may have been curtailed, leading to a distorted knowledge base when it comes to future studies.
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| 9. |
- Holmström, Pontus, et al.
(författare)
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The effects of high altitude ascent on splenic contraction and the diving response during voluntary apnea
- 2021
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Ingår i: Experimental Physiology. - 0958-0670 .- 1469-445X. ; 106:1, s. 160-174
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Voluntary apnea causes splenic contraction and reductions in heart rate (HR; bradycardia), and subsequent transient increases in hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]). Ascent to high altitude (HA) induces systemic hypoxia and reductions in oxygen saturation (SpO2 ), which may cause tonic splenic contraction, which may contribute to hematological acclimatization associated with HA ascent. We measured resting cardiorespiratory variables (HR, SpO2 , [Hb]) and resting splenic volume (via ultrasound) during incremental ascent from 1400 m (day 0), to 3440 m (day 3), 4240 m (day 7), and 5160 m (day 10) in non-acclimatized native lowlanders during assent to HA in the Nepal Himalaya. In addition, apnea-induced responses in HR, SpO2 and splenic volume were measured before and after two separate voluntary maximal apneas (A1-A2) at 1400 m, 3440 m and 4240 m. Resting spleen volume decreased -14.3% (-15.2 mL)/1000 m with ascent, from 140±41 mL (1400 m), to 108±28 mL (3440 m; P > 0.99), 94±22 mL (4240 m; P = 0.009) and 84±28 mL (5160 m; P = 0.029), with concomitant increases in [Hb] from 125±18.3 g/L (1400 m) to 128±10.4 g/L (3440 m), 138.8±12.7 g/L (4240 m) and 157.5±8 g/L (5160 m; P = 0.021). Apnea-induced splenic contraction was 50±15 mL (1400 m), 44±17 mL (3440 m; P > 0.99) and 26±8 mL (4240 m; P = 0.002), but was not consistently associated with increases in [Hb]. The apnea-induced bradycardia was more pronounced at 3440 m (A1:P = 0.04; A2:P = 0.094) and at 4240 m (A1:P = 0.037 A2:P = 0.006) compared to values at 1400 m. We conclude that hypoxia-induced splenic contraction at rest (a) may contribute to restoring arterial oxygen content through its [Hb]-enhancing contractile function and (b) eliminates further apnea-induced [Hb] increases in hypoxia. We suggest that tonic splenic contraction may contribute to hematological acclimatization early in HA ascent in humans.
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| 10. |
- Nakanishi, Tomoko, et al.
(författare)
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Age-dependent impact of the major common genetic risk factor for COVID-19 on severity and mortality
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Investigation. - : American Society For Clinical Investigation. - 0021-9738 .- 1558-8238. ; 131:23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND. There is considerable variability in COVID-19 outcomes among younger adults, and some of this variation may be due to genetic predisposition. METHODS. We combined individual level data from 13,888 COVID-19 patients (n = 7185 hospitalized) from 17 cohorts in 9 countries to assess the association of the major common COVID-19 genetic risk factor (chromosome 3 locus tagged by rs10490770) with mortality, COVID-19-related complications, and laboratory values. We next performed metaanalyses using FinnGen and the Columbia University COVID-19 Biobank. RESULTS. We found that rs10490770 risk allele carriers experienced an increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.2-1.7). Risk allele carriers had increased odds of several COVID-19 complications: severe respiratory failure (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.6-2.6), venous thromboembolism (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.2-2.4), and hepatic injury (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.2-2.0). Risk allele carriers age 60 years and younger had higher odds of death or severe respiratory failure (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.8-3.9) compared with those of more than 60 years (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.2-1.8; interaction, P = 0.038). Among individuals 60 years and younger who died or experienced severe respiratory failure, 32.3% were risk-variant carriers compared with 13.9% of those not experiencing these outcomes. This risk variant improved the prediction of death or severe respiratory failure similarly to, or better than, most established clinical risk factors. CONCLUSIONS. The major common COVID-19 genetic risk factor is associated with increased risks of morbidity and mortality, which are more pronounced among individuals 60 years or younger. The effect was similar in magnitude and more common than most established clinical risk factors, suggesting potential implications for future clinical risk management.
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