How irreversible are steady-state trajectories of a trapped active particle?

Dabelow, LennartUniv Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany. (författare)

QC 20210412
The defining feature of active particles is that they constantly propel themselves by locally converting chemical energy into directed motion. This active self-propulsion prevents them from equilibrating with their thermal environment (e.g. an aqueous solution), thus keeping them permanently out of equilibrium. Nevertheless, the spatial dynamics of active particles might share certain equilibrium features, in particular in the steady state. We here focus on the time-reversal symmetry of individual spatial trajectories as a distinct equilibrium characteristic. We investigate to what extent the steady-state trajectories of a trapped active particle obey or break this time-reversal symmetry. Within the framework of active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck particles we find that the steady-state trajectories in a harmonic potential fulfill path-wise time-reversal symmetry exactly, while this symmetry is typically broken in anharmonic potentials.

Bo, StefanoMax Planck Inst Phys Komplexer Syst, Nothnitzer Str 38, D-01187 Dresden, Germany. (författare)
Eichhorn, RalfStockholms universitet,KTH,Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics NORDITA,Royal Inst Technol, NORDITA, Roslagstullsbacken 23, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Univ, Roslagstullsbacken 23, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.,Nordiska institutet för teoretisk fysik (Nordita)(Swepub:su)eichhorn (författare)
Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany.Max Planck Inst Phys Komplexer Syst, Nothnitzer Str 38, D-01187 Dresden, Germany. (creator_code:org_t)

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