Distinctive exercise-induced inflammatory response and exerkine induction in skeletal muscle of people with type 2 diabetes

Mechanistic insights into the molecular events by which exercise enhances the skeletal muscle phenotype are lacking, particularly in the context of type 2 diabetes. Here, we unravel a fundamental role for exercise-responsive cytokines (exerkines) on skeletal muscle development and growth in individuals with normal glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes. Acute exercise triggered an inflammatory response in skeletal muscle, concomitant with an infiltration of immune cells. These exercise effects were potentiated in type 2 diabetes. In response to contraction or hypoxia, cytokines were mainly produced by endothelial cells and macrophages. The chemokine CXCL12 was induced by hypoxia in endothelial cells, as well as by conditioned medium from contracted myotubes in macrophages. We found that CXCL12 was associated with skeletal muscle remodeling after exercise and differentiation of cultured muscle. Collectively, acute aerobic exercise mounts a noncanonical inflammatory response, with an atypical production of exerkines, which is potentiated in type 2 diabetes.

Smith, Jonathon A BKarolinska Institutet (författare)
Alm, Petter S.Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (författare)
Chibalin, Alexander V.Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (författare)
Alhusen, JuliaDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (författare)
Arner, ErikRIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Japan (författare)
Carninci, PieroRIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Japan (författare)
Fritz, TomasCentre for Family and Community Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden (författare)
Otten, Julia,1973-Umeå universitet,Avdelningen för medicin(Swepub:umu)juot0001 (författare)
Olsson, TommyUmeå universitet,Avdelningen för medicin(Swepub:umu)tool0003 (författare)
van Doorslaer de Ten Ryen, SophieInstitute of Neuroscience, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium (författare)
Deldicque, LouiseInstitute of Neuroscience, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium (författare)
Caidahl, KennethKarolinska Institutet (författare)
Wallberg-Henriksson, HarrietKarolinska Institutet (författare)
Krook, AnnaKarolinska Institutet (författare)
Zierath, Juleen R.Karolinska Institutet (författare)
Karolinska InstitutetDepartment of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (creator_code:org_t)

Av författaren/redakt...: Pillon, Nicolas ...; Smith, Jonathon ...; Alm, Petter S.; Chibalin, Alexan ...; Alhusen, Julia; Arner, Erik; visa fler...; Carninci, Piero; Fritz, Tomas; Otten, Julia, 19 ...; Olsson, Tommy; van Doorslaer de ...; Deldicque, Louis ...; Caidahl, Kenneth; Wallberg-Henriks ...; Krook, Anna; Zierath, Juleen ...; visa färre...

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