Transforming growth factor-beta signaling and its role in cancer

• Transforming growth factor-b (TGFb) is a polypeptide growth factor, which regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis. During the last decade an exploration of mechanisms of TGFb receptor activation and discovery of Smads has stimulated significant progress in decoding of intracellular signaling of TGFb. These advancements request a re-evaluation of role of TGFb in human diseases. This review discusses recent achievements in understanding of the mechanisms governing TGFb signaling, with emphasis on overview of the role of TGFb in tumorigenesis.

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