Lymphatic filariasis transmission in Rufiji District, southeastern Tanzania: infection status of the human population and mosquito vectors after twelve rounds of mass drug administration

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Jones, ClarerMuhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dept Parasitol & Med Entomol, POB 65011, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania (författare)

Lymphatic filariasis transmission in Rufiji District, southeastern Tanzania : infection status of the human population and mosquito vectors after twelve rounds of mass drug administration

Artikel/kapitelEngelska2018

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2018-11-13
BMC,2018
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LIBRIS-ID:oai:DiVA.org:uu-371889
https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-371889URI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-3156-2DOI

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BackgroundControl of lymphatic filariasis (LF) in most of the sub-Saharan African countries is based on annual mass drug administration (MDA) using a combination of ivermectin and albendazole. Monitoring the impact of this intervention is crucial for measuring the success of the LF elimination programmes. This study assessed the status of LF infection in Rufiji district, southeastern Tanzania after twelve rounds of MDA.MethodsCommunity members aged between 10 and 79 years were examined for Wuchereria bancrofti circulating filarial antigens (CFA) using immunochromatographic test cards (ICTs) and antigen-positive individuals were screened for microfilaraemia. All study participants were examined for clinical manifestation of LF and interviewed for drug uptake during MDA rounds. Filarial mosquito vectors were collected indoor and outdoor and examined for infection with W. bancrofti using a microscope and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) techniques.ResultsOut of 854 participants tested, nine (1.1%) were positive for CFA and one (0.1%) was found to be microfilaraemic. The prevalence of hydrocele and elephantiasis was 4.8% and 2.9%, respectively. Surveyed drug uptake rates were high, with 70.5% of the respondents reporting having swallowed the drugs in the 2014 MDA round (about seven months before this study). Further, 82.7% of the respondents reported having swallowed the drugs at least once since the inception of MDA programme in 2000. Of the 1054 filarial vectors caught indoors and dissected to detect W. bancrofti infection none was found to be infected. Moreover, analysis by qPCR of 1092 pools of gravid Culex quinquefasciatus collected outdoors resulted in an estimated infection rate of 0.1%. None of the filarial vectors tested with qPCR were found to be infective.ConclusionAnalysis of indices of LF infection in the human population and filarial mosquito vectors indicated a substantial decline in the prevalence of LF and other transmission indices, suggesting that local transmission was extremely low if occurring at all in the study areas. We, therefore, recommend a formal transmission assessment survey (TAS) to be conducted in the study areas to make an informed decision on whether Rufiji District satisfied WHO criteria for stopping MDA.

Ämnesord och genrebeteckningar

MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Hälsovetenskap Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Health Sciences Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology hsv//eng
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Klinisk medicin Infektionsmedicin hsv//swe
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Clinical Medicine Infectious Medicine hsv//eng
Lymphatic filariasis
Mass drug administration
Microfilaremia
Circulating filarial antigens
Hydrocele
Elephantiasis
Wuchereria bancrofti
Tanzania

Biuppslag (personer, institutioner, konferenser, titlar ...)

Ngasala, BillyUppsala universitet,Internationell barnhälsa och nutrition,Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dept Parasitol & Med Entomol, POB 65011, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania(Swepub:uu)bilng827 (författare)
Derua, Yahya A.Natl Inst Med Res, POB 9653, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania (författare)
Tarimo, DonathMuhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dept Parasitol & Med Entomol, POB 65011, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania (författare)
Reimer, LisaUniv Liverpool Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool, Merseyside, England (författare)
Bockarie, MosesEuropean & Dev Countries Clin Trials Partnership, Cape Town, South Africa (författare)
Malecela, Mwelecele N.WHO Reg Off Africa, Brazzaville, Rep Congo (författare)
Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dept Parasitol & Med Entomol, POB 65011, Dar Es Salaam, TanzaniaInternationell barnhälsa och nutrition (creator_code:org_t)

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Ingår i:Parasites & Vectors: BMC111756-3305

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