| 1. |
- Andershed, Henrik, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Callous-Unemotional Traits Only Versus the Multidimensional Psychopathy Construct as Predictors of Various Antisocial Outcomes During Early Adolescence
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment. - : Springer. - 0882-2689 .- 1573-3505. ; 40:1, s. 16-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to compare callous-unemotional (CU) traits versus the multidimensional psychopathy construct in their ability to predict future and stable antisocial behavior. At baseline, a community sample of 996 Cypriot 12-year old adolescents (52% girls) completed measures that tap conduct problems (CP) and psychopathic traits, including CU. CP, aggression, and substance use were self-reported at 1-3 year follow-ups. Youths were assigned to six mutually exclusive groups based on their baseline levels of CP and psychopathic traits. Youth with CP scoring high on all three psychopathic traits dimensions (Psychopathic Personality + CP) showed the most robust and highest risk for future and stable CP, aggression, and substance use, followed by youth who were high on all three psychopathic traits dimensions but displayed no concurrent CP (Psychopathic Personality Only) and CP youth with low levels of psychopathic traits (CP Only). Youth with CP who merely manifested callous-unemotional traits (Callous-Unemotional + CP) were only at risk for future CP. The findings suggest that the CU traits-based approach for subtyping children with CP is less informative compared to a subtyping approach using various psychopathic traits dimensions in predicting future and stable forms of various antisocial outcomes. These findings and their consistency with prior work indicate the need for additional research to examine the various psychopathic traits dimensions rather than focusing solely on CU traits, especially for CP subtyping purposes.
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| 4. |
- Burén, Jonas, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Evidence of a two-factor structure for Internet Gaming Disorder and Social Media Disorder: Psychometric properties of a new screening instrument for adolescents and adults
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment. - 0882-2689 .- 1573-3505. ; 45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Currently, there is no screening instrument available for assessing both internet gaming disorder (IGD) and social media disorder (SMD). This study aimed to examine the reliability and factor structure of a new screening instrument for adolescents and adults, the Gaming and Social Media Questionnaire (GSMQ-9), and to investigate its association with psychosocial outcomes (i.e., psychosomatic problems, self-concept, and social problems for adults and quality of life for adolescents). Survey data were collected from 995 university students and 626 adolescents. Results showed that a two-factor solution, representing Heavy Involvement and Negative Consequences, had a better model fit compared to a one-factor solution for both IGD and SMD and for both adolescents and adults. The internal consistency was acceptable, and the test-retest reliability was excellent. Negative Consequences were significantly more strongly related to all psychosocial outcomes compared to Heavy Involvement. The proportion of participants meeting the DSM-5 symptom criteria according to self-ratings on the GSMQ-9 was 1.4% (adolescents) and 1.8% (adults) for IGD and 2.6% (adolescents) and 4.0% (adults) for SMD. Conclusively, the GSMQ-9 appears to be a reliable two-factor screening instrument for IGD and SMD among adults and adolescents.
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| 5. |
- Colins, Olivier F., et al.
(författare)
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A New Measure to Assess Psychopathic Personality in Children : The Child Problematic Traits Inventory
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment. - : Springer. - 0882-2689 .- 1573-3505. ; 36:1, s. 4-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding the development of psychopathic personality from childhood to adulthood is crucial for understanding the development and stability of severe and long-lasting conduct problems and criminal behavior. This paper describes the development of a new teacher rated instrument to assess psychopathic personality from age three to 12, the Child Problematic Traits Inventory (CPTI). The reliability and validity of the CPTI was tested in a Swedish general population sample of 2,056 3- to 5-year-olds (mean age = 3.86; SD = .86; 53 % boys). The CPTI items loaded distinctively on three theoretically proposed factors: a Grandiose-Deceitful Factor, a Callous-Unemotional factor, and an Impulsive-Need for Stimulation factor. The three CPTI factors showed reliability in internal consistency and external validity, in terms of expected correlations with theoretically relevant constructs (e.g., fearlessness). The interaction between the three CPTI factors was a stronger predictor of concurrent conduct problems than any of the three individual CPTI factors, showing that it is important to assess all three factors of the psychopathic personality construct in early childhood. In conclusion, the CPTI seems to reliably and validly assess a constellation of traits that is similar to psychopathic personality as manifested in adolescence and adulthood.
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| 6. |
- Colins, Olivier F., et al.
(författare)
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Comparing Different Approaches for Subtyping Children with Conduct Problems : Callous-Unemotional Traits Only Versus the Multidimensional Psychopathy Construct
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment. - : Springer. - 0882-2689 .- 1573-3505. ; 40:1, s. 6-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to compare two youth psychopathy models (i.e., callous-unemotional versus multidimensional model) in their ability to predict future and stable conduct problems (CP). At baseline, mothers and fathers of 321 boys and 369 girls (ages 7-12) completed measures that tap callous-unemotional and other psychopathic traits. Parent-reported CP was collected at baseline and at 6- and 12 month follow-ups. Children were assigned to mutually exclusive groups based on their levels of CP and psychopathic traits. Children with CP who manifested callous-unemotional traits (Callous-Unemotional + CP) were occasionally at risk for future and stable CP. Yet, across gender, children with CP scoring high on all psychopathic trait dimensions (Psychopathic Personality + CP) showed the most robust and highest risk for future and stable CP. Also, Callous-Unemotional + CP children, and children who were only high in CP, often were at similar risk for future CP. The findings suggest that the callous-unemotional model is less sufficient than the multidimensional model in predicting future and stable CP. This can be concluded for both boys and girls and calls for more research reconsidering the multidimensional nature of psychopathy for CP subtyping purposes.
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| 7. |
- Colins, Olivier F, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Youth psychopathic traits inventory-short version : a further test of the internal consistency and criterion validity
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0882-2689 .- 1573-3505. ; 34:4, s. 476-486
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory-Short Version (YPI-S; van Baardewijk et al., 2010) is a self-report measure to assess psychopathic-like traits in adolescents. The aim of the present study is to investigate the factor structure, the internal consistency, and the criterion validity of the YPI-S in 768 Belgian community adolescents (45.4 % males). In general, our study supported the YPI three factor structure while relevant indices showed that the instrument is internally consistent. In addition, relations between the YPI-S total score and dimension scores on the one hand and external criterion measures (e.g. conduct problems and self-reported offending) on the other hand were generally in line with predictions. The present study replicated and substantially extended previous findings of the YPI-S in a sample of community youth. Future studies are needed to test whether findings from community samples can be replicated in clinical-referred and justice-involved boys and adolescents.
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| 9. |
- Demetriou, Chara A., et al.
(författare)
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Assessing Psychopathic Traits Early in Development : Testing Potential Associations with Social, Behavioral, and Affective Factors
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment. - : Springer. - 0882-2689 .- 1573-3505. ; 45:3, s. 767-780
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Child Problematic Traits Inventory (CPTI) enables the assessment of psychopathy dimensions as early as age three. The current study employs a multi-informant approach (i.e., fathers, mothers, and teachers) to further investigate the unique associations between psychopathy dimensions, as measured by the CPTI, with theoretically relevant constructs of interest, such as conduct problems, oppositionality, empathy, and social relations, in early childhood (N = 1283, M age = 6.35). Although associations with conduct, aggressive, and oppositional behaviours differed in strength, our findings supported the importance of all psychopathy dimensions in predicting behavioral problems. Our findings also suggested a unique association of the callous-unemotional dimension with affective empathy. Furthermore, stronger associations were identified between the callous-unemotional and impulsive need for stimulation dimensions with social problems (e.g., peer and family relations) compared to the grandiose-deceitful dimension. Current findings can inform prevention and intervention efforts aiming to alter the development of psychopathic traits.
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| 10. |
- Fanti, Kostas A., et al.
(författare)
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Extending the Construct of Psychopathy to Childhood : Testing Associations with Heart Rate, Skin Conductance, and Startle Reactivity
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment. - : Springer. - 0882-2689 .- 1573-3505. ; 44:1, s. 26-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous studies have revealed associations between grandiosity, callous unemotionality, and impulsive dimensions of psychopathy with psychophysiological measures during adolescence and young adulthood. However, it is largely unknown if such associations can be identified earlier in life. The main aim of the current study was to investigate the associations between diverse psychophysiological measurements (heart rate, skin conductance, and startle reflex) assessed at rest and during exposure to emotional stimuli with the three dimensions of psychopathy. This was done in a sample of 147 children (Mage = 7.30, SD = 1.42; 44.2% girls) selected from a large screening sample (N = 1652). Participants watched video scenes and pictures eliciting different emotions, while their physiological reactions were monitored. Regarding baseline measures, results showed a negative relation between the impulsive dimension with baseline skin conductance. Hierarchical regression models controlling for age, gender, conduct problems, and the inter-relation between psychopathic traits, revealed several important associations. Lower heart-rate reactivity in response to sad video scenes and fearful pictures was uniquely associated with the callous-unemotional dimension. High startle reactivity in response to fearful emotional stimuli was associated with the grandiose (fearful pictures) and impulsive (fearful videos) dimensions. The present study provides new evidence and adds to existing knowledge regarding the distinct physiological processes associated with each dimension of psychopathy assessed in childhood.
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