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- Kylin, Henrik
(författare)
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Using proxies to elucidate environmental threats to endangered species
- 2009
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Ingår i: Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management. - : Wiley. - 1551-3777 .- 1551-3793. ; 5, s. 484-486
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Blue Swallow, Hirundo atrocaerulea, is one of Southern Africas most threatened bird species. The species is unique among terrestrial birds as it has a plumage almost as water repellent as water birds, an adaptation to foraging on the wing in dense fog. We show that strong detergents are formed by reactions between air pollutants at the Blue Swallow Natural Heritage Site, and argue that these are a threat to the survival of the species. We cannot do experiments with the species itself and have to rely on the vegetation in the area as proxy to elucidate threats to the species
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- Arvidsson, Rickard, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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A framework for energy use indicators and their reporting in life cycle assessment
- 2016
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Ingår i: Integrated environmental assessment and management. - : Wiley. - 1551-3777 .- 1551-3793. ; 12:3, s. 429-436
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Energy use is a common impact category in life cycle assessment (LCA). Many different energy use indicators are used in LCA studies, accounting for energy use in different ways. Often, however, the choice behind which energy use indicator is applied is poorly described and motivated. To contribute to a more purposeful selection of energy use indicators and to ensure consistent and transparent reporting of energy use in LCA, a general framework for energy use indicator construction and reporting in LCA studies will be presented in this article. The framework differentiates between 1) renewable and nonrenewable energies, 2) primary and secondary energies, and 3) energy intended for energy purposes versus energy intended for material purposes. This framework is described both graphically and mathematically. Furthermore, the framework is illustrated through application to a number of energy use indicators that are frequently used in LCA studies: cumulative energy demand (CED), nonrenewable cumulative energy demand (NRCED), fossil energy use (FEU), primary fossil energy use (PFEU), and secondary energy use (SEU). To illustrate how the application of different energy use indicators may lead to different results, cradle-to-gate energy use of the bionanomaterial cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) is assessed using 5 different indicators and showing a factor of 3 differences between the highest and lowest results. The relevance of different energy use indicators to different actors and contexts will be discussed, and further developments of the framework are then suggested.
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- Bruce, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Environmental Goals Addressed in Assessments of Contaminated Sediments
- 2020
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Ingår i: Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management. - : Wiley. - 1551-3777 .- 1551-3793. ; 16:1, s. 128-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Environmental management often aims at sustainability and at implementing goals such as the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Several of these goals rely upon healthy sediments, implying that contaminated sediments need to be addressed in environmental management. In Sweden, the SDGs and national environmental objectives are meant to be central in environmental management. However, in environmental risk assessment (ERA) for contaminated sediments, it is not clear to assessors or authorities in Sweden which goals to consider and how. In the present study, we explore which environmental goals ERAs of contaminated sediment should consider, according to representatives from Swedish regulatory and advisory authorities, and to what extent ERAs consider those goals in practice in Sweden. The identified goals indicated that protection of aquatic ecosystems and associated services is a main priority for the authorities. The ERAs analyzed showed that most identified goals were addressed, albeit not consistently. Furthermore, risk assessors seem to put less weight on ecological aspects than authorities do. This indicates that authorities need to stress the importance of environmental aspects and provide guidance on how to address them. Several environmental goals were found to be directly relevant to contaminated sediments and ERAs can contribute to their fulfillment, given that ERA is a basis for management decisions. However, practitioners need clearer guidance on which goals to address and how. Finally, there seems to be good potential for implementation of the SDGs in environmental management in Sweden, due to existing legislation based on sustainable development and well-anchored national environmental objectives that overlap with the SDGs.
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- Bundschuh, Mirco
(författare)
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Procedure to select test organisms for environmental risk assessment of genetically modified crops in aquatic systems
- 2017
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Ingår i: Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management. - : Wiley. - 1551-3777 .- 1551-3793. ; 13, s. 974-979
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For a long time, the environmental risk assessment (ERA) of genetically modified (GM) crops focused mainly on terrestrial ecosystems. This changed when it was scientifically established that aquatic ecosystems are exposed to GM crop residues that may negatively affect aquatic species. To assist the risk assessment process, we present a tool to identify ecologically relevant species usable in tiered testing prior to authorization or for biological monitoring in the field. The tool is derived from a selection procedure for terrestrial ecosystems with substantial but necessary changes to adequately consider the differences in the type of ecosystems. By using available information from the Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC), the procedure can draw upon existing biological data on aquatic systems. The proposed procedure for aquatic ecosystems was tested for the first time during an expert workshop in 2013, using the cultivation of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) maize as the GM crop and 1 stream type as the receiving environment in the model system. During this workshop, species executing important ecological functions in aquatic environments were identified in a stepwise procedure according to predefined ecological criteria. By doing so, we demonstrated that the procedure is practicable with regard to its goal: From the initial long list of 141 potentially exposed aquatic species, 7 species and 1 genus were identified as the most suitable candidates for nontarget testing programs. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2017;13:974-979. (c) 2017 SETAC
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- Buser, Andreas M., et al.
(författare)
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Good modeling practice guidelines for applying multimedia models in chemical assessments
- 2012
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Ingår i: Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management. - : Wiley. - 1551-3777 .- 1551-3793. ; 8:4, s. 703-708
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multimedia mass balance models of chemical fate in the environment have been used for over 3 decades in a regulatory context to assist decision making. As these models become more comprehensive, reliable, and accepted, there is a need to recognize and adopt principles of Good Modeling Practice (GMP) to ensure that multimedia models are applied with transparency and adherence to accepted scientific principles. We propose and discuss 6 principles of GMP for applying existing multimedia models in a decision-making context, namely 1) specification of the goals of the model assessment, 2) specification of the model used, 3) specification of the input data, 4) specification of the output data, 5) conduct of a sensitivity and possibly also uncertainty analysis, and finally 6) specification of the limitations and limits of applicability of the analysis. These principles are justified and discussed with a view to enhancing the transparency and quality of model-based assessments.
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- Cains, Mariana, et al.
(författare)
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Environmental Management Cycles for Chemicals and Climate Change, EMC4: A new conceptual framework contextualizing climate and chemical risk assessment and management
- 2024
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Ingår i: Integrated environmental assessment and management. - 1551-3777 .- 1551-3793. ; 20:2, s. 433-453
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Environmental Management Cycle for Chemicals and Climate Change (EMC4)is a suggestedconceptualframework for integrating climate change aspects into chemical risk management. The interaction of climate change and chemical risk brings together complex systems that are imperfectly understood by science. Making management decisions in this context is therefore difficult and often exacerbated by a lack of data. The consequences of poor decision making can be significant for both environmental and human health. This paper reflects on the ways in which existing chemical management systems consider climatechange and proposes theEMC4conceptual framework that isa tool for decision makersoperating at different spatial scales. Also presented are keyquestions raised by the tool to help the decision maker identify chemical risks from climate change, management options and, importantly, the different types of actors that are instrumental in managing that risk.Case studies showing decision making at different spatial scalesare also presentedhighlighting the conceptual framework’s applicability to multiple scales.The United Nations Environment Programme’s development of an intergovernmental Science Policy Panelon Chemicals and Wastehas presented an opportunity to promote and generate research highlighting the impacts of chemicals and climate changeinterlinkages.
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