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- Jansson, David, 1967-
(author)
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Internal orientalism in America : W.J. Cash’s The Mind of the South and the spatial construction of American national identity
- 2003
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In: Political Geography. - 0962-6298 .- 1873-5096. ; 22:3, s. 293-316
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article is an attempt to establish a framework for investigating the spatial constructionof national identity, using the case of the US. The concept of internal orientalism is used toanalyze representations of the South as an internal spatial “other” in the US and to suggest a link between these representations and the construction of a privileged national identity. While scholars have explored the role of internal othering in the production of national identities, these studies have either ignored space or treated it as a subordinate component. I argue forthe utility of considering the primacy of space (in the sense of the imagined space of a region within the state) in the construction of national identity. Through an analysis of the influentialbook The Mind of the South I attempt to discern the relationship between the identity of the South and that of America. Portrayals of the South such as Cash’s denote the South as the repository of a set of negative characteristics (such as poverty, racism, violence, and backwardness), and I argue that as a result, these undesirable traits are excised from the national identity. According to this argument, the geographic ideas “America” and “the South”are opposite poles of a binary, and the identity of one cannot be understood except as linkedto the identity of the other; therefore, representations of a degenerate South inform an exalted national identity.
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| 3. |
- Alkhalili, Noura, et al.
(author)
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The enduring coloniality of ecological modernization : Wind energy development in occupied Western Sahara and the occupied Syrian Golan Heights
- 2023
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In: Political Geography. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-5096 .- 0962-6298. ; 103
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The dominant narratives on how to confront climate change are often presented as neutral proposals concerned with the well-being of the planet and its inhabitants. The main objective of this article is to exemplify how concepts like Ecological Modernization and Sustainable Development are used in the name of energy transitions to prolong illegal military occupations in two territories, namely occupied Western Sahara and the occupied Syrian Golan Heights. By combining first-hand and secondary data from our cases, we also expose the enduring coloniality of such concepts that have been critiqued not only for their lack of neutrality but also for their contribution to the denial of basic human rights such as self-determination, sovereignty, and the right to resourcehood. We argue that renewable energy projects, in the two settings studied, are a manifestation of an ecological modernization that ignores aspects of justice and self-determination. Although touted as a solution to mitigating climate change, wind energy development in these two cases violates international law and the principle of self-determination.
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| 4. |
- Allen, John, et al.
(author)
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Border topologies : The time-spaces of labour migrant regulation
- 2019
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In: Political Geography. - : Elsevier BV. - 0962-6298 .- 1873-5096. ; 72, s. 116-123
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Labour migrants seeking work and employment increasingly find themselves having to negotiate an ambiguous migrant status that leaves them neither fully included, nor fully excluded, from a political community. Of late, there has been a recognition that such ambiguity arises as much from temporal as spatial border management practices. Rather than consider time and temporality as integral to the distorted spatiality of contemporary political borders, however, the tendency has been to treat the former as a supplement to the latter. In this paper, we set out to show how time and space work through one another to place migrant workers partly on the ‘inside’, partly on the ‘outside’, by selectively combining their pre-and post-entry experiences. In order to make sense of this series of temporal and spatial entanglements, we advance a particular topological reading that aims to show how complex migrant positions are produced and maintained by bringing the times before and after the border into play as part of what enables governments to include and exclude labour migrants in a more differentiated manner. Such regulated time-spaces, of which we outline two, indefinite exclusion and suspended inclusion, in our view, offer a more accurate account of the ways in which migrant workers are simultaneously included and excluded.
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| 5. |
- Bachmann, Jan, 1978
(author)
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Whose hearts and minds? A gift perspective on the US military's aid projects in Eastern Africa
- 2017
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In: Political Geography. - : Elsevier BV. - 0962-6298 .- 1873-5096. ; 61, s. 11-18
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Today, the US military is frequently involved in the field of reconstruction and development. In Eastern Africa, personnel of the Combined Joint Task Force-Horn of Africa has carried out hundreds of small projects, ranging from veterinary support, medical clinics for local populations to the construction and repair of schools and health centres. Although these civil affairs operations constitute only a small part of the wider US military activity on the continent, they play a significant role in the US military's post-counterinsurgency emphasis on stability operations. However, critical scholarship has paid little attention to this type of military practice, let alone the dynamics of giving and taking for the targeted beneficiaries. This article draws conceptually on perspectives of the gift and empirically on visits to project sites in Uganda and Kenya that received assistance by US civil affairs teams in order to explore how recipients engage the gift-bearing donor. By understanding aid projects as social relations that are characterized by hierarchy and efforts of reciprocity, gift perspectives help us to make tensions and contradictions in these encounters visible. While the relationship is one of inequality, these interventions are mediated. Local brokers have a significant role in negotiating and translating priorities of the civil affairs teams on the one hand and the needs of local recipients on the other.
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| 6. |
- Danielsson, Anna, Dr, 1980-
(author)
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Producing the military urban(s) : Interoperability, space-making, and epistemic distinctions between military services in urban operations
- 2022
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In: Political Geography. - : Elsevier BV. - 0962-6298 .- 1873-5096. ; 97
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Urban wars represent one – perhaps the – phenomenon in which war and cities take particular form in and through each other. With the epistemics of this reciprocal relationship being less studied, this article brings together the discourses on urban war and military interoperability respectively. Both discourses emphasise the question of knowledge. A shared geographic knowledge held by the service branches involved in a joint operation is considered key for interoperability to arise. In the urban wars discourse, the need and difficulty of ‘knowing’ the urban are stressed. However, we know less about whether military services involved in a joint urban operation produce distinct geographic knowledges and, if so, with what effects. With inspiration from critical scholarship on military geographies and from works on the history and geography of knowledge, this article develops a conceptual framework to target the mutually constitutive relationship between military epistemics and urban space in urban war. In it, I make a twofold argument, illustrated with the help of empirical examples from two Israeli joint urban military operations. First, the type of geographic knowledge that military ground and air forces produce as they seek to ‘make known’ particular urban spaces differs due to the services' distinct situatedness and relative distance to the urban environment. The produced types of military geographic knowledge, moreover, do not imply different perspectives on the urban as a pre-existing entity as much as they bring – in distinct fashions – the urban into being.
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| 8. |
- Drozdzewski, Danielle, et al.
(author)
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Operationalising memory and identity politics to influence public opinion of refugees : A snapshot from Poland
- 2021
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In: Political Geography. - : Elsevier BV. - 0962-6298 .- 1873-5096. ; 86
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Using a politics of identity and memory approach, herein, we explore how political discourse plays out in practice and ‘in place’ when Poles were compelled to consider the introduction of visibly different persons, with different cultural characteristics, to their society. In 2017, and at the height of the "migrant/refugee crisis", we conducted 200 short interviews in Wrocław, Poland, to gauge and interpolate attitudes and opinions to refugees, in a context where the refugees had been strategically Othered, and constructed as a threat to Polish society. Our discussion focuses on how the strategic use and dissemination of threat and fear, in public discourse, was operationalised to disrupt steadfast notions of belonging to the Polish nation. By exploring belonging to the nation through a politics of identity and memory framework, we can better understand and provide contextual nuance to the import of maintaining ‘a [Polish] cultural sense of belonging’ (Brockmeier, 2002, p. 18). While in a Polish context, place-based and culturally historical narratives of conflict, territorial incursion, and occupation have framed threats to belonging in the past, the contemporary political exploitation of threat and its (re)production in public discourse is not only strongly exclusionary, but also denies the opportunity for Poles to know diversity as a felt experience reinforcing ideas of a ‘closed’ Poland. The contribution of this paper, then, is to demonstrate both the effectiveness of control of public discourse in a specific place and time, but to also elucidate the less often heard Eastern European states responses to the refugee crises.
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| 9. |
- Drozdzewski, Danielle
(author)
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Using history in the streetscape to affirm geopolitics of memory
- 2014
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In: Political Geography. - 0962-6298 .- 1873-5096. ; 42:0, s. 66-78
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the Polish city of Kraków, successive regimes have (re)named the streetscape to advance their influence and ideologies. This paper examines changes in street names under three different governmental powers – Nazi, Soviet and Polish – on five maps of the city centre (from 1934, 1943, 1964, 1985 and 1996). The work extends the current literature on toponymy by providing a temporal analysis of the street name changes to one bounded area over time, which demonstrates how a politics of memory is inculcated into streetscapes to reaffirm political control. By reference to one space, I show how the name changes proffer an intriguing insight into how two foreign regimes viewed their occupations and, in addition, how all three sought to strengthen their influence by using names that reinforced past examples of their power and alleged cultural superiority in the landscape.
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