| 1. |
- Schwank, Ariane, et al.
(författare)
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2022 Bern Consensus Statement on shoulder injury prevention, rehabilitation, and return to sport for athletes at all participation levels
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy. - : Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy (JOSPT). - 0190-6011 .- 1938-1344. ; 52:1, s. 11-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- SYNOPSIS: There is an absence of high-quality evidence to support rehabilitation and return-to-sport decisions following shoulder injuries in athletes. The Athlete Shoulder Consensus Group was convened to lead a consensus process that aimed to produce best-practice guidance for clinicians, athletes, and coaches for managing shoulder injuries in sport. We developed the consensus via a 2-round Delphi process (involving more than 40 content and methods experts) and an in-person meeting. This consensus statement provides guidance with respect to load and risk management, supporting athlete shoulder rehabilitation, and decision making during the return-to-sport process. This statement is designed to offer clinicians the flexibility to apply principle-based approaches to managing the return-to-sport process within a variety of sporting backgrounds. The principles and consensus of experts working across multiple sports may provide a template for developing additional sport-specific guidance in the future. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2022;52(1):11-28. doi:10.2519/jospt.2022.10952.
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| 2. |
- Ekwall, Daniel, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Seasonality of incident types in transport crime - Analysis of TAPA statistics
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Transportation Security. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1938-775X .- 1938-7741. ; 15, s. 193-222
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines weekly and annual seasonality in incident categories to find patterns and trends in transport crime globally, concerning the value of stolen goods, incident frequency and incident category. Secondary data is utilized to analyse a contemporary challenge in logistics and supply chain research, namely theft and robbery of goods during shipment. The research is based on the TAPA global IIS transport-related crime database. Incident frequencies and mean values are analysed primarily with chi-square tests and analyses of variance (ANOVAs). The results are analysed and discussed within a frame of reference consisting of theories from logistics and criminology. The main conclusion is that there is an annual as well as a weekly seasonality of most incident categories, but the patterns vary among incident categories. The results are primarily limited by the content and classification within the TAPA IIS database.
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| 3. |
- Espinoza, R., et al.
(författare)
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Temperature-Dependent Study for Electrochemical Surface Area on a Catalyst Layer Used in a PEFC
- 2022
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Ingår i: Materials for Low Temperature Electrochemical Systems 8. - : The Electrochemical Society. - 1938-5862 .- 1938-6737. - 9781607685395 ; 108:7, s. 111-118
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The total of catalytic particles is often unavailable to participate in the electrochemical reactions in a PEFC, which limits the PEFC performance. The electrochemical surface area (ECSA) becomes an important metric to diagnose the catalyst layer's performance and evaluate the development of new electrode materials to achieve better overall efficiency. This work intends to analyze the effects of a temperature sweep on the ECSA and determine the best model that fits the trend based on obtained results from in-situ cyclic voltammetry (CV) tests. The experiment was carried out using a single PEFC of 25 cm2 with a catalyst layer of 0.5mg Pt/cm2 and Nafion® 112 membrane, using hydrogen and nitrogen as reactant gases at 100% relative humidity (RH). The results show a loss of ECSA about 14% in the temperature range evaluated. Besides, it was found that a linear function is adequate to model the correlation based on the experimental data obtained.
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| 4. |
- Ganesh, Viswanathan, et al.
(författare)
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Role Of Green Buildings in Sustainable Living: Implementation and Impacts
- 2022
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Ingår i: ECS Transactions. - : The Electrochemical Society. - 1938-5862 .- 1938-6737. ; 107:1, s. 189-197
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rise in the number of carbon footprint has led to various new challenges and opportunities to reduce the rate of global warming and carbon footprint present in the atmosphere similarly the amount of global warming caused by the modern buildings and electrical devices which are required for the purpose of cooling and heating have played a key role in the higher concentration of temperature in the urban areas. On the other hand, the temperature levels in rural areas are comparatively lower than the urban areas due to large bare land available for the free movement of air and the effect of trees have reduced the temperature with the help of natural shades and oxygen production. Therefore, the concept of green building and Net zero building have been incorporated to enable the concept of nature into the buildings where the people can be more interconnected to the nature and get benefited to reduce the overall temperature and global warming effect in the coming future in accordance with the Sustainable development goal 7 under affordable and clean energy.
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| 5. |
- Zhu, Hongrui, et al.
(författare)
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The Precariousness of Young Chinese Being Working Holiday Makers in New Zealand
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of China Tourism Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1938-8160 .- 1938-8179. ; 18:4, s. 831-846
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explores the precariousness experienced and perceived by Chinese working holiday makers in New Zealand, and thereby challenges the more commonly and broadly disseminated positive narratives about long-term travel such as backpacking and working holidays. Whilst young Chinese have participated in the working holiday scheme in New Zealand for over a decade, this nascent phenomenon is still under-represented in the literature. Based on in-depth interviews with Chinese working holiday makers, three themes relating to the precariousness they experienced or perceived have been identified: Working holiday makers being caught in co-ethnic communities, their having limited employment opportunities, and their facing inherent insecurities. Findings of this study extend current understandings of the inherently precarious status of Chinese working holiday makers, as well as provide practical recommendations to the working holiday scheme.
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| 6. |
- Alexanderson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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MIS 3 age of the Veiki moraine in N Sweden – Dating the landform record of an intermediate-sized ice sheet in Scandinavia
- 2022
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Ingår i: Arctic, Antarctic and Alpine research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1523-0430 .- 1938-4246. ; 54:1, s. 239-261
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Veiki moraine in northern Sweden, a geomorphologically distinct landscape of ice-walled lake plains, has been interpreted to represent the former margin of an intermediate-sized pre–Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) Fennoscandian ice sheet, but its age is debated as either marine isotope stage (MIS) 5c or MIS 3. We have applied optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and radiocarbon dating to four sites within the northern part of the Veiki moraine to establish its chronology. The radiocarbon ages provide only minimum ages and most OSL ages have low precision due to poor luminescence characteristics and problems with incomplete bleaching, leading to two alternative ages. In either case, the OSL dating places the Veiki moraine formation in MIS 3 (best estimate 56–39 ka). Sedimentation continued in the low-lying centers of some plateaus (ice-walled lake plains) during MIS 3 and during the Holocene, with a break during the Last Glacial Maximum when the area was ice covered. We speculatively constrain the broad timing further by relating the sequence of events to other climate records. We suggest that ice margin retreat to the west of the Veiki area took place during Greenland Interstadial (GI) 16.1 (58.0–56.5 ka) and that limited ice advances, which led to debris-covered ice margins in the Veiki zone, occurred during the following stadials GS-16.1 to 15.1 (56.5–54.2 ka). The GI-14 interstadial, which began 54.2 ka and lasted ~5.9 ka, could then be the period when the ice within the dead-ice landscape melted, first leading to ice-walled lakes and later to the inversed topography characteristic of the Veiki landscape.
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| 7. |
- SKOU, SØREN T., et al.
(författare)
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Benefits and Harms of Interventions With Surgery Compared to Interventions Without Surgery for Musculoskeletal Conditions : A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy. - : Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy (JOSPT). - 0190-6011 .- 1938-1344. ; 52:6, s. 312-344
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To estimate the benefits and harms of interventions with and without surgery for musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions. DESIGN: Intervention systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). LITERATURE SEARCH: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and CENTRAL, all up to January 7, 2021. STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: RCTs (English, German, Danish, Swedish, and Norwegian) of interventions with and without surgery conducted in any setting for any non-fracture MSK condition in adults (mean age: 18+ years) evaluating the outcomes on a continuous (benefits) or count (harms) scale. Outcomes were pain, self-reported physical function, quality of life, serious adverse events (SAEs), and death at 1 year. DATA SYNTHESIS: Random-effects metaanalyses for MSK conditions where there were data from at least 2 trials. RESULTS: One hundred RCTs (n = 12 645 patients) across 28 different conditions at 9 body sites were included. For 9 out of 13 conditions with data on pain (exceptions include some spine conditions), 11 out of 11 for function, and 9 out of 9 for quality of life, there were no clinically relevant differences (standardized mean difference of 0.50 or above) between interventions with and without surgery. For 13 out of 16 conditions with data on SAEs and 16 out of 16 for death, there were no differences in harms. Only 6 trials were at low risk of bias. CONCLUSION: The low certainty of evidence does not support recommending surgery over nonsurgical alternatives for most MSK conditions with available RCTs. Further high-quality RCTs may change this conclusion.
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| 8. |
- Kimari, Wangui, et al.
(författare)
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The invisible labor of the “New Angola” : Kilamba’s domestic workers
- 2022
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Ingår i: Urban geography. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0272-3638 .- 1938-2847. ; , s. 1-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Kilamba, the first of the new centralities in Angola, is increasingly visible in recent urban scholarship about Luanda, further establishing it as the symbol of both this “new” post-war city and the “New Angola.” Within local discourses of progress, its emergence from within “petro-urbanism,” and its size and modern aesthetics are emphasized, while little attention has been directed towards understanding the actual contributions of its workers, particularly the women who spend a significant part of their day cleaning Kilamba’s apartments. In this paper, we combine a social reproduction framework with infrastructure studies to trace the labor of Kilamba’s female domestic workers, in order to demonstrate how their everyday practices uphold the status and materiality of this centrality, even as their work is invisibilized. In doing so, we understand their commentaries about this space, often refracted through descriptions of their homes, as critiques of the infrastructural priorities of the “New Angola.”
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| 9. |
- Kendler, Kenneth S., et al.
(författare)
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Predicting the Onset of Opioid Use Disorder in the Swedish General Population
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. - : Alcohol Research Documentation, Inc.. - 1937-1888 .- 1938-4114. ; 83:3, s. 332-341
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Given the public health importance of opioid use disorder (OUD), we sought to understand better its risk predictors in the Swedish general population. Method: We examined the Swedish population, born 1950–1970 (n = 2,092,359), and followed through 2018. Using Cox, logistic, and co-sibling models, we explored associations between a wide range of putative risk factors and a first onset of OUD—assessed through medical, criminal, and pharmacy registers—in the entire cohort and in the cohort wherein prior cases of drug use disorder (DUD) were censored. Results: OUD was predicted by the following four risk factor domains: (a) externalizing syndromes, especially prior non-opioid DUD; (b) psychopathology; (c) psychosocial factors, including social class and immigrant and marital status; and (d) serious injuries and pain diagnoses. When predicting OUD as the first form of DUD, the importance of pain diagnoses as a predictor increased. Co-sibling analyses suggested that the association of some of these risk factors with OUD onset was likely largely causal, whereas others were a mixture of causal effects and familial confounding. An aggregate risk score from these individual risk factors had reasonable receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve performance. Conclusions: OUD is a multifactorial syndrome for which risk can be meaningfully predicted by prior externalizing syndromes, internalizing and psychotic psychopathology, indicators of psychosocial status, and predictors of pain diagnoses. Some important differences were seen in the prediction of any OUD onset versus OUD onset as the first form of DUD. Much of the effect of these predictors appear, in co-sibling analyses, to likely reflect causal influences.
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| 10. |
- Khorram-Manesh, Amir, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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Civilian Population Victimization: A Systematic Review Comparing Humanitarian and Health Outcomes in Conventional and Hybrid Warfare.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Disaster medicine and public health preparedness. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1938-744X .- 1935-7893.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Summarize the Hybrid War's core characteristics and humanitarian and medical impacts.A Systematic Literature Review according to PRISMA guidelines, using the following keywords, Hybrid War; Humanitarian Law; Human Rights; Lawfare, and search engines, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Gothenburg University's database to collect literature from 2000 to 2022 in English. The eligibility of qualified articles was assessed, an inductive qualitative thematic analysis was applied, and the scientific evidence of each selected piece was evaluated.The objectives of a Hybrid War are to achieve the tactical and strategic goals in a battle rather than to save civilian lives. It involves networks of state and non-state actors with various means of military and militia influences and strategies, creating difficulties in implementing, controlling, and evaluating the "International Humanitarian Law's A State responsibility" principle, to gain insight into an armed conflict. It targets populated civilian areas and raises ethical and moral concerns by using Lawfare.Hybrid War's multi-domain action should be met with multi-dimensional approaches and "acceptable losses" doctrine. Its characteristics and consequences should be learned and taught. Several measures need to be implemented to counteract its impacts, and a flexible surge capacity should be designed, planned, and executed.
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