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- Absetz, Pilvikki, et al.
(författare)
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SMART2D-development and contextualization of community strategies to support self-management in prevention and control of type 2 diabetes in Uganda, South Africa, and Sweden
- 2020
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Ingår i: Translational Behavioral Medicine. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 1869-6716 .- 1613-9860. ; 10:1, s. 25-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its complications are increasing rapidly in low- and middle-income countries, as well as among socioeconomically disadvantaged populations in high-income countries. Support for healthy lifestyle and self-management is paramount but not well implemented in health systems, and there is need for knowledge on how to design and implement interventions that are contextualized and patient centered and address special needs of disadvantaged population groups. The SMART2D project implements and evaluates a lifestyle and self-management intervention for participants recently diagnosed with or being at increased risk for T2D in rural communities in Uganda, an urban township in South Africa, and socioeconomically disadvantaged urban communities in Sweden. Our aim was to develop an intervention with shared key functions and a good fit with the local context, needs, and resources. The intervention program design was conducted in three steps facilitated by a coordinating team: (a) situational analysis based on the SMART2D Self-Management Framework and definition of intervention objectives and core strategies; (b) designing generic tools for the strategies; and (c) contextual translation of the generic tools and their delivery. This article focuses on community strategies to strengthen support from the social and physical environment and to link health care and community support. Situational analyses showed that objectives and key functions addressing mediators from the SMART2D framework could be shared. Generic tools ensured retaining of functions, while content and delivery were highly contextualized. Phased, collaborative approach and theoretical framework ensured that key functions were not lost in contextualization, also allowing for cross-comparison despite flexibility with other aspects of the intervention between the sites.
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| 2. |
- Alberto Morales, Oscar, et al.
(författare)
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Estructura léxico-gramatical de títulos de artculos de investigación de odontología en español
- 2020
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Ingår i: RLA. Revista de Lingüística Teórica y Aplicada. - : UNIV CONCEPCION, FAC HUMANIDADES ARTE. - 0033-698X .- 0718-4883. ; 58:2, s. 69-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to analyze the syntactic structure and rhetorical function of 250 dentistry research articles titles in Spanish. Length, punctuation, lexical-grammatical structure, and styles of titles were examined qualitatively and quantitatively. It was found an average of 15.5 words per title; three types of titles: nominal (78%), compound (21.2%) and full-sentence titles (0.8%). Titles without punctuation predominated. 21.2% used colon and period to form compound titles predominated. It was observed that compound titles combine two rhetorical components: topic-method and topic-description. Uni-head nominal constructions (using mainly non-discipline-specific nouns) using prepositional phrases (100%), adjectives (29%), non-personal verbal phrases (28%) and relative clauses (4.4%) as postmodifiers predominated.
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| 3. |
- Berggreen-Clausen, Aravinda, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Outdoor and in-store food advertising : Unhealthy and health promoting advertisements in neighborhoods of low and middle socioeconomic status in Stockholm, Sweden
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Globally, obesity and other diet-related non-communicable diseases continue to rise. Moreover, those living in lower socioeconomic status (SES) neighborhoods in high-income countries, particularly immigrants, are more likely to suffer from negative health outcomes compared to those in more affluent neighborhoods. The high availability and marketing of unhealthy foods as well as tobacco and alcohol has been linked to unhealthy practices contributing towards negative health outcomes. Advertising has the aim of influencing practices and many studies have found that a large portion of advertisements promote unhealthy foods as well as tobacco and alcohol. We carried out a cross-sectional observational study mapping health-related food advertising in 10 low and 12 middle-income neighborhoods in Stockholm, Sweden. By using a checklist with pre-determined categories, we found that almost 60% of the noted outdoor advertisements promoted the sale of energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods and sugar sweetened beverages (i.e., “unhealthy”), compared to 20% of advertisements being food-related health promoting (i.e., “healthy”). On average, lower SES neighborhoods observed in the study had more advertising present (both unhealthy and health promoting) when compared to observed middle SES neighborhoods. In-store advertisements followed the same trend, where the majority in both neighborhoods were “unhealthy”. Furthermore, when considering store type, supermarkets had the most advertisements for both categories, compared to convenience stores and independent grocers; informal vendors had no observed advertisements at all. Exposing those living in lower SES neighborhoods to more unhealthy product advertising may play a role in furthering health and nutrition inequities which are already starkly present in the socioeconomically and ethnically segregated Swedish capital. Further research is needed to understand this nature of advertising in these neighborhoods, including outdoor and in-store, and its impact on health behaviors and related outcomes. Regulating advertising could play a part in protecting the health of the population over time, particularly in vulnerable groups.
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| 4. |
- Timm, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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Application of the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability to assess a telephone-facilitated health coaching intervention for the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes
- 2022
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 17:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Lifestyle interventions focusing on diet and physical activity for the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes have been found effective. Acceptance of the intervention is crucial. The Theoretical Framework of Acceptability (TFA) developed by Sekhon et al. (2017) describes the multiple facets of acceptance: Affective attitude, burden, perceived effectiveness, ethicality, intervention coherence, opportunity costs and self-efficacy. The aims of this study were to develop and assess the psychometric properties of a measurement scale for acceptance of a telephone-facilitated health coaching intervention, based on the TFA; and to determine the acceptability of the intervention among participants living with diabetes or having a high risk of diabetes in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas in Stockholm.Methods: This study was nested in the implementation trial SMART2D (Self-management approach and reciprocal learning for type 2 diabetes). The intervention consisted of nine telephone-facilitated health coaching sessions delivered individually over a 6-month period. The acceptability of the intervention was assessed using a questionnaire consisting of 19 Likert scale questions developed using Sekhon's TFA. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed.Results: Ratings from 49 participants (19 with type 2 diabetes and 30 at high risk of developing diabetes) in ages 38-65 were analyzed. The EFA on the acceptability scale revealed three factors with acceptable reliabilities: affective attitude (alpha 0.90), coherence and understanding (alpha 0.77), perceived burden (alpha 0.85), explaining 82% of the variance. Positive affect and coherence had high median scores and small variance. Median score for perceived burden was low, but with significant variance due to younger individuals and those at high risk reporting higher burden.Conclusions: The telephone-facilitated health coaching intervention was perceived as acceptable by the study population using a questionnaire based on Sekhon's TFA, with a wider variation in perceived burden seen among high risk and younger participants.
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