| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Alho, Kimmo, et al.
(author)
-
Tunteiden luonne ja autenttisuus
- 2016
-
In: Psykologia. - : Suomen psykologinen seura. - 0355-1067. ; 51:1, s. 75-76
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)
|
|
| 4. |
- Degerman, Alexander, et al.
(author)
-
Human brain activity associated with audiovisual perception and attention
- 2007
-
In: NeuroImage. - : Elsevier BV. - 1095-9572 .- 1053-8119. ; 34:4, s. 1683-1691
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Coherent perception of objects in our environment often requires perceptual integration of auditory and visual information. Recent behavioral data suggest that audiovisual integration depends on attention. The current study investigated the neural basis of audiovisual integration using 3-Tesla functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in 12 healthy volunteers during attention to auditory or visual features, or audiovisual feature combinations of abstract stimuli (simultaneous harmonic sounds and colored circles). Audiovisual attention was found to modulate activity in the same frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital cortical regions as auditory and visual attention. In addition, attention to audiovisual feature combinations produced stronger activity in the superior temporal cortices than attention to only auditory or visual features. These modality-specific areas might be involved in attention-dependent perceptual binding of synchronous auditory and visual events into coherent audiovisual objects. Furthermore, the modality-specific temporal auditory and occipital visual cortical areas showed attention-related modulations during both auditory and visual attention tasks. This result supports the proposal that attention to stimuli in one modality can spread to encompass synchronously presented stimuli in another modality.
|
|
| 5. |
- Moisala, Mona, et al.
(author)
-
Brain activity during divided and selective attention to auditory and visual sentence comprehension tasks
- 2015
-
In: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1662-5161. ; 9, s. 86-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we measured brain activity of human participants while they performed a sentence congruence judgment task in either the visual or auditory modality separately, or in both modalities simultaneously. Significant performance decrements were observed when attention was divided between the two modalities compared with when one modality was selectively attended. Compared with selective attention (i.e., single tasking), divided attention (i.e., dual-tasking) did not recruit additional cortical regions, but resulted in increased activity in medial and lateral frontal regions which were also activated by the component tasks when performed separately. Areas involved in semantic language processing were revealed predominantly in the left lateral prefrontal cortex by contrasting incongruent with congruent sentences. These areas also showed significant activity increases during divided attention in relation to selective attention. In the sensory cortices, no crossmodal inhibition was observed during divided attention when compared with selective attention to one modality. Our results suggest that the observed performance decrements during dual-tasking are due to interference of the two tasks because they utilize the same part of the cortex. Moreover, semantic dual-tasking did not appear to recruit additional brain areas in comparison with single tasking, and no crossmodal inhibition was observed during intermodal divided attention.
|
|
| 6. |
- Moisala, M., et al.
(author)
-
Gaming is related to enhanced working memory performance and task-related cortical activity
- 2017
-
In: Brain Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-8993 .- 1872-6240. ; 1655, s. 204-215
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Gaming experience has been suggested to lead to performance enhancements in a wide variety of working memory tasks. Previous studies have, however, mostly focused on adult expert gamers and have not included measurements of both behavioral performance and brain activity. In the current study, 167 adolescents and young adults (aged 13–24 years) with different amounts of gaming experience performed an n-back working memory task with vowels, with the sensory modality of the vowel stream switching between audition and vision at random intervals. We studied the relationship between self-reported daily gaming activity, working memory (n-back) task performance and related brain activity measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The results revealed that the extent of daily gaming activity was related to enhancements in both performance accuracy and speed during the most demanding (2-back) level of the working memory task. This improved working memory performance was accompanied by enhanced recruitment of a fronto-parietal cortical network, especially the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. In contrast, during the less demanding (1-back) level of the task, gaming was associated with decreased activity in the same cortical regions. Our results suggest that a greater degree of daily gaming experience is associated with better working memory functioning and task difficulty-dependent modulation in fronto-parietal brain activity already in adolescence and even when non-expert gamers are studied. The direction of causality within this association cannot be inferred with certainty due to the correlational nature of the current study.
|
|
| 7. |
- Moisala, M., et al.
(author)
-
Media multitasking is associated with distractibility and increased prefrontal activity in adolescents and young adults
- 2016
-
In: NeuroImage. - : Elsevier BV. - 1053-8119 .- 1095-9572. ; 134, s. 113-121
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The current generation of young people indulges in more media multitasking behavior (e.g., instant messaging while watching videos) in their everyday lives than older generations. Concerns have been raised about how this might affect their attentional functioning, as previous studies have indicated that extensive media multitasking in everyday life may be associated with decreased attentional control. In the current study, 149 adolescents and young adults (aged 13–24 years) performed speech-listening and reading tasks that required maintaining attention in the presence of distractor stimuli in the other modality or dividing attention between two concurrent tasks. Brain activity during task performance was measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We studied the relationship between self-reported daily media multitasking (MMT), task performance and brain activity during task performance. The results showed that in the presence of distractor stimuli, a higher MMT score was associated with worse performance and increased brain activity in right prefrontal regions. The level of performance during divided attention did not depend on MMT. This suggests that daily media multitasking is associated with behavioral distractibility and increased recruitment of brain areas involved in attentional and inhibitory control, and that media multitasking in everyday life does not translate to performance benefits in multitasking in laboratory settings.
|
|
| 8. |
- Oja, L., et al.
(author)
-
Behavioral and electrophysiological indicators of auditory distractibility in children with ADHD and comorbid ODD
- 2016
-
In: Brain Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-8993 .- 1872-6240. ; 1632, s. 42-50
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Involuntary switching of attention to distracting sounds was studied by measuring effects of these events on auditory discrimination performance and event-related brain potentials (ERPs) in 6–11-year-old boys with Attention Deficit – Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and comorbid Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) and in age-matched controls. The children were instructed to differentiate between two animal calls by pressing one response button, for example, to a dog bark and another button to a cat mew. These task-relevant sounds were presented from one of two loudspeakers in front of the child, and there were occasional task-irrelevant changes in the sound location, that is, the loudspeaker. In addition, novel sounds (e.g., a sound of hammer, rain, or car horn) unrelated to the task were presented from a loudspeaker behind the child. The percentage of correct responses was lower for target sounds preceded by a novel sound than for targets not preceded by such sound in the ADHD group, but not in the control group. In both groups, a biphasic positive P3a response was observed in ERPs to the novel sounds. The later part of the P3a appeared to continue longer over the frontal scalp areas in the ADHD group than in the controls presumably because a reorienting negativity (RON) ERP response following the P3a was smaller in the ADHD group than in the control group. This suggests that the children with ADHD had problems in reorienting their attention to the current task after a distracting novel sound leading to deterioration of performance in this task. The present study also indicates that children with ADHD and comorbid ODD show same kind of distractibility as found in previous studies for children with ADHD without systematic comorbid ODD.
|
|
| 9. |
- Rinne, Nea, et al.
(author)
-
Developmental dyslexia susceptibility genes DNAAF4, DCDC2, and NRSN1 are associated with brain function in fluently reading adolescents and young adults
- 2024
-
In: Cerebral Cortex. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1047-3211 .- 1460-2199. ; 34:4
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Reading skills and developmental dyslexia, characterized by difficulties in developing reading skills, have been associated with brain anomalies within the language network. Genetic factors contribute to developmental dyslexia risk, but the mechanisms by which these genes influence reading skills remain unclear. In this preregistered study (https://osf.io/7sehx), we explored if developmental dyslexia susceptibility genes DNAAF4, DCDC2, NRSN1, and KIAA0319 are associated with brain function in fluently reading adolescents and young adults. Functional MRI and task performance data were collected during tasks involving written and spoken sentence processing, and DNA sequence variants of developmental dyslexia susceptibility genes previously associated with brain structure anomalies were genotyped. The results revealed that variation in DNAAF4, DCDC2, and NRSN1 is associated with brain activity in key language regions: the left inferior frontal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, and intraparietal sulcus. Furthermore, NRSN1 was associated with task performance, but KIAA0319 did not yield any significant associations. Our findings suggest that individuals with a genetic predisposition to developmental dyslexia may partly employ compensatory neural and behavioral mechanisms to maintain typical task performance. Our study highlights the relevance of these developmental dyslexia susceptibility genes in language-related brain function, even in individuals without developmental dyslexia, providing valuable insights into the genetic factors influencing language processing.
|
|
| 10. |
- Rämä, Pia, et al.
(author)
-
Effect of language experience on selective auditory attention : An event-related potential study
- 2018
-
In: International Journal of Psychophysiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-8760 .- 1872-7697. ; 127, s. 38-45
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Dual language experience has typically been shown to improve various executive control functions. We investigatedwith event-related brain potentials (ERPs) recorded from early (natively) bilingual speakers andcontrol participants whether it also affects auditory selective attention. We delivered to our participants two tonestreams, one to the left and one to the right ear. Both streams consisted of standard tones and two types ofinfrequent deviant tones which had either an enhanced duration or intensity. The participants were instructed toattend either to the right or left stream and to detect longer-duration deviants in the attended stream. The resultsshowed that the early bilinguals did not outperform the controls in target detection accuracy or speed. However,the late portion of the attention-related ERP modulation (the negative difference, Nd) was larger over the lefthemisphere in the early bilinguals than in the controls, suggesting that the maintenance of selective attention orfurther processing of selectively attended sounds is enhanced in the bilinguals. Moreover, the late reorientingnegativity (RON) in response to intensity-deviant tones was larger in the bilinguals, suggesting more efficientdisengagement of attention from distracting auditory events. Hence, our results demonstrate that brain responsesassociated with certain aspects of auditory attention are enhanced in the bilingual adults, indicating that earlydual language exposure modulates the neuronal responsiveness of auditory modality.
|
|
