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- Andersson, C, et al.
(author)
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The three ZNT8 autoantibody variants together improve the diagnostic sensitivity of childhood and adolescent type 1 diabetes
- 2011
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In: Autoimmunity. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0891-6934 .- 1607-842X. ; 44:5, s. 394-405
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aims: We tested whether autoantibodies to all three ZnT8RWQ variants, GAD65, insulinoma-associated protein 2 (IA-2), insulin and autoantibodies to islet cell cytoplasm (ICA) in combination with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) would improve the diagnostic sensitivity of childhood type 1 diabetes by detecting the children who otherwise would have been autoantibody-negative.Methods: A total of 686 patients diagnosed in 1996–2005 in Skåne were analyzed for all the seven autoantibodies [arginin 325 zinc transporter 8 autoantibody (ZnT8RA), tryptophan 325 zinc transporter 8 autoantibody (ZnT8WA), glutamine 325 Zinc transporter 8 autoantibody (ZnT8QA), autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA), Autoantibodies to islet-antigen-2 (IA-2A), insulin autoantibodies (IAA) and ICA] in addition to HLA-DQ genotypes.Results: Zinc transporter 8 autoantibody to either one or all three amino acid variants at position 325 (ZnT8RWQA) was found in 65% (449/686) of the patients. The frequency was independent of age at diagnosis. The ZnT8RWQA reduced the frequency of autoantibody-negative patients from 7.5 to 5.4%—a reduction by 28%. Only 2 of 108 (2%) patients who are below 5 years of age had no autoantibody at diagnosis. Diagnosis without any islet autoantibody increased with increasing age at onset. DQA1-B1*X-0604 was associated with both ZnT8RA (p = 0.002) and ZnT8WA (p = 0.01) but not with ZnT8QA (p = 0.07). Kappa agreement analysis showed moderate (>0.40) to fair (>0.20) agreement between pairs of autoantibodies for all combinations of GADA, IA-2A, ZnT8RWQA and ICA but only slight ( < 0.19) agreement for any combination with IAA.Conclusions: This study revealed that (1) the ZnT8RWQA was common, independent of age; (2) multiple autoantibodies were common among the young; (3) DQA1-B1*X-0604 increased the risk for ZnT8RA and ZnT8WA; (4) agreement between autoantibody pairs was common for all combinations except IAA. These results suggest that ZnT8RWQA is a necessary complement to the classification and prediction of childhood type 1 diabetes as well as to randomize the subjects in the prevention and intervention of clinical trials.
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- Beausang, Angela, et al.
(author)
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"Möjligheten att rädda några av dessa kvinnors liv har inte vägts in"
- 2014
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In: Dagens Medicin. - : Dagens Medicin.
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Namnet på Socialstyrelsens vägledning lyder: Hur upptäcka våldsutsatthet? Ja, det kan man verkligen fråga sig efter att ha läst detta föga vägledande dokument, skriver ett stort antal kritiska debattörer.
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- Brandhagen, Martin, 1984, et al.
(author)
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Alcohol and macronutrient intake patterns are related to general and central adiposity.
- 2012
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In: European journal of clinical nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5640 .- 0954-3007. ; 66, s. 305-313
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background/Objectives:Alcohol and dietary fat have high energy densities and may therefore be related to body weight and fat deposition. We studied associations between alcohol and macronutrient intake patterns and general and central adiposity.Subjects/Methods:A population-based cross-sectional study of 524 men and 611 women. The participants answered a dietary questionnaire describing habitual food consumption including intake of alcoholic beverages. Macronutrient intake was analysed in relation to anthropometric measures and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry determined body fat.Results:In women, total alcohol intake was negatively associated with body fat percentage (β:-0.67, P<0.01). In men, total alcohol intake was positively associated with sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD) (β: 0.28, P=0.01). In addition, positive associations were found between intake of alcohol from spirits and body fat percentage (β: 1.17, P<0.05), SAD (β: 0.52, P<0.05) and waist circumference (β: 2.29, P=0.01). In men, protein intake was positively associated with body mass index (BMI) (β: 0.03, P=0.001), body fat percentage (β: 0.04, P<0.05), SAD (β: 0.02, P=0.01) and waist circumference (β: 0.09, P<0.01). Also in men only, negative associations between fat intake and BMI (β: -0.03, P<0.01), SAD (β: -0.02, P<0.05) and waist circumference (β: -0.05, P<0.05) were found.Conclusions:Alcohol intake was inversely associated to relative body fat in women whereas spirits consumption was positively related to central and general obesity in men. Macronutrient intakes, particularly protein and fat, were differently associated with obesity indicators in men versus women. This may reflect a differential effect by gender, or differential obesity related reporting errors in men and women.European Journal of Clinical Nutrition advance online publication, 16 November 2011; doi:10.1038/ejcn.2011.189.
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- Kanatsuna, N, et al.
(author)
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Doubly reactive INS-IGF2 autoantibodies in children with newly diagnosed autoimmune (type 1) diabetes
- 2015
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0300-9475 .- 1365-3083. ; 82:4, s. 361-369
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The splice variant INS-IGF2 entails the preproinsulin signal peptide, the insulin B-chain, eight amino acids of the C-peptide and 138 unique amino acids from an ORF in the IGF2 gene. The aim of this study was to determine whether levels of specific INS-IGF2 autoantibodies (INS-IGF2A) were related to age at diagnosis, islet autoantibodies, HLA-DQ or both, in patients and controls with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes. Patients (n = 676), 0-18 years of age, diagnosed with type 1 diabetes in 1996-2005 and controls (n = 363) were analysed for specific INS-IGF2A after displacement with both cold insulin and INS-IGF2 to correct for non-specific binding and identify double reactive sera. GADA, IA-2A, IAA, ICA, ZnT8RA, ZnT8WA, ZnT8QA and HLA-DQ genotypes were also determined. The median level of specific INS-IGF2A was higher in patients than in controls (P < 0.001). Irrespective of age at diagnosis, 19% (126/676) of the patients had INS-IGF2A when the cut-off was the 95th percentile of the controls (P < 0.001). The risk of INS-IGF2A was increased among HLA-DQ2/8 (OR = 1.509; 95th CI 1.011, 2.252; P = 0.045) but not in 2/2, 2/X, 8/8, 8/X or X/X (X is neither 2 nor 8) patients. The association with HLA-DQ2/8 suggests that this autoantigen may be presented on HLA-DQ trans-heterodimers, rather than cis-heterodimers. Autoantibodies reactive with both insulin and INS-IGF2A at diagnosis support the notion that INS-IGF2 autoimmunity contributes to type 1 diabetes.
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- Lindroos, Anna-Karin, 1958, et al.
(author)
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Familial predisposition for obesity may modify the predictive value of serum leptin concentrations for long-term weight change in obese women
- 1998
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In: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. ; 67, s. 1119-1123
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Department of Internal Medicine and the Research Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden. Leptin is believed to play a role in regulating food intake and body weight. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of parental history of obesity on the association between baseline serum leptin concentrations and subsequent 4-y weight changes. Changes in food intake were also considered in the analysis. Middle-aged, obese women with no obese parent (n = 25) or at least one obese parent (n = 24) were included in the analysis. At baseline, women with no parental history of obesity and women with a parental history of obesity did not differ in body mass index (in kg/m2: 41.2 and 40.2, respectively) or median leptin concentrations (40.8 and 38.8 microg/L, respectively). Four-year weight changes varied widely in both groups combined (from -30 to 24 kg). Stratified regression analysis, adjusted for age, weight, and height, revealed that high leptin concentrations predicted less weight gain (or more weight loss) in women with no obese parent (beta = -21.2, P = 0.0006) but played no significant role in predicting weight gain in women with at least one obese parent (beta = -3.8, P = 0.41). Adding changes in energy and fat intakes to the model reduced the association between leptin and weight change to nonsignificance in the women with no obese parent, indicating that the effect of leptin could be explained largely by dietary changes. In conclusion, serum leptin concentrations predict long-term weight change in obese women with no history of parental obesity, an association largely mediated by changes in food intake. PMID: 9625082 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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- Lindroos, Anna-Karin, 1958, et al.
(author)
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Familial predisposition for obesity may modify the predictive value of serum leptin concentrations for long-term weight change in obese women.
- 1998
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In: The American journal of clinical nutrition. - 0002-9165. ; 67:6, s. 1119-23
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Leptin is believed to play a role in regulating food intake and body weight. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of parental history of obesity on the association between baseline serum leptin concentrations and subsequent 4-y weight changes. Changes in food intake were also considered in the analysis. Middle-aged, obese women with no obese parent (n = 25) or at least one obese parent (n = 24) were included in the analysis. At baseline, women with no parental history of obesity and women with a parental history of obesity did not differ in body mass index (in kg/m2: 41.2 and 40.2, respectively) or median leptin concentrations (40.8 and 38.8 microg/L, respectively). Four-year weight changes varied widely in both groups combined (from -30 to 24 kg). Stratified regression analysis, adjusted for age, weight, and height, revealed that high leptin concentrations predicted less weight gain (or more weight loss) in women with no obese parent (beta = -21.2, P = 0.0006) but played no significant role in predicting weight gain in women with at least one obese parent (beta = -3.8, P = 0.41). Adding changes in energy and fat intakes to the model reduced the association between leptin and weight change to nonsignificance in the women with no obese parent, indicating that the effect of leptin could be explained largely by dietary changes. In conclusion, serum leptin concentrations predict long-term weight change in obese women with no history of parental obesity, an association largely mediated by changes in food intake.
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