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- Bucci, M., et al.
(författare)
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Profiling of plasma biomarkers in the context of memory assessment in a tertiary memory clinic
- 2023
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Ingår i: Translational Psychiatry. - 2158-3188. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plasma biomarkers have shown promising performance in research cohorts in discriminating between different stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Studies in clinical populations are necessary to provide insights on the clinical utility of plasma biomarkers before their implementation in real-world settings. Here we investigated plasma biomarkers (glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), tau phosphorylated at 181 and 231 (pTau181, pTau231), amyloid & beta; (A & beta;) 42/40 ratio, neurofilament light) in 126 patients (age = 65 & PLUSMN; 8) who were admitted to the Clinic for Cognitive Disorders, at Karolinska University Hospital. After extensive clinical assessment (including CSF analysis), patients were classified as: mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (n = 75), AD (n = 25), non-AD dementia (n = 16), no dementia (n = 9). To refine the diagnosis, patients were examined with [F-18]flutemetamol PET (A & beta;-PET). A & beta;-PET images were visually rated for positivity/negativity and quantified in Centiloid. Accordingly, 68 A & beta;+ and 54 A & beta;- patients were identified. Plasma biomarkers were measured using single molecule arrays (SIMOA). Receiver-operated curve (ROC) analyses were performed to detect A & beta;-PET+ using the different biomarkers. In the whole cohort, the A & beta;-PET centiloid values correlated positively with plasma GFAP, pTau231, pTau181, and negatively with A & beta;42/40 ratio. While in the whole MCI group, only GFAP was associated with A & beta; PET centiloid. In ROC analyses, among the standalone biomarkers, GFAP showed the highest area under the curve discriminating A & beta;+ and A & beta;- compared to other plasma biomarkers. The combination of plasma biomarkers via regression was the most predictive of A & beta;-PET, especially in the MCI group (prior to PET, n = 75) (sensitivity = 100%, specificity = 82%, negative predictive value = 100%). In our cohort of memory clinic patients (mainly MCI), the combination of plasma biomarkers was sensitive in ruling out A & beta;-PET negative individuals, thus suggesting a potential role as rule-out tool in clinical practice.
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| 2. |
- Dorea, Chin, et al.
(författare)
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Capacity expansion and forward contracting in a duopolistic power sector
- 2014
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Ingår i: Computational Management Science. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1619-697X .- 1619-6988. ; 11:1-2, s. 57-86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The surge in demand for electricity in recent years requires that power companies expand generation capacity sufficiently. Yet, at the same time, energy demand is subject to seasonal variations and peak-hour factors that cause it to be extremely volatile and unpredictable, thereby complicating the decision-making process. We investigate how power companies can optimise their capacity-expansion decisions while facing uncertainty and examine how expansion and forward contracts can be used as suitable tools for hedging against risk under market power. The problem is solved through a mixed-complementarity approach. Scenario-specific numerical results are analysed, and conclusions are drawn on how risk aversion, competition, and uncertainty interact in hedging, generation, and expansion decisions of a power company. We find that forward markets not only provide an effective means of risk hedging but also improve market efficiency with higher power output and lower prices. Power producers with higher levels of risk aversion tend to engage less in capacity expansion with the result that together with the option to sell in forward markets, very risk-averse producers generate at a level that hardly varies with scenarios.
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| 4. |
- Wang, Jin, et al.
(författare)
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Conjugated heat transfer analysis of a film cooling passage with different rib configurations
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow. - 1758-6585. ; 25:4, s. 841-860
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effect of thermal conductivity on gas turbine blades, and to investigate the contribution of different rib configurations to the heat flux and the film cooling effectiveness. Design/methodology/approach - The Renormalization Group (RNG) model with enhanced wall treatment was used for the turbulence modeling, and the SIMPLE algorithm was used to handle the pressure-velocity coupling. Findings - A flame-shape distribution on the internal wall provides high heat flux compared to a hawk-shape distribution; the film cooling effectiveness on the external wall is enhanced for the lateral film cooling effectiveness by heat conduction and film cooling (convection); by comparing the square-rib and pin-rib configurations, the circular-rib configuration offers a higher film cooling effectiveness on the Aluminum wall. Research limitations/implications - In the present research, the combination of internal cooling and external cooling is used to predict cooling effectiveness on film-cooled flat plate; two kinds of different plate materials are used to obtain the influence of the thermal conductivity. The successful computational method should give guidelines for potential CFD users in engineering sciences. Practical implications - The results of the paper are of engineering interest where film cooling and ribbed surfaces are applied. The successful computational method will also serve as guidelines for potential users of CFD in design as well as research and development work. Originality/value - In the present research, the combination of internal cooling and external cooling is used to predict cooling effectiveness on film-cooled flat plate; two kinds of different plate materials are used to obtain the influence of the thermal conductivity.
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| 7. |
- d'Amore, Francesco, et al.
(författare)
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Up-Front Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation in Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma : NLG-T-01
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Oncology. - 0732-183X .- 1527-7755. ; 30:25, s. 3093-3099
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Systemic peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) respond poorly to conventional therapy. To evaluate the efficacy of a dose-dense approach consolidated by up-front high-dose chemotherapy (HDT) and autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT) in PTCL, the Nordic Lymphoma Group (NLG) conducted a large prospective phase II study in untreated systemic PTCL. This is the final report, with a 5-year median follow-up, of the NLG-T-01 study. Patients and Methods Treatment-naive patients with PTCL age 18 to 67 years (median, 57 years) were included. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) -positive anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) was excluded. An induction regimen of six cycles of biweekly CHOEP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, etoposide, and prednisone) was administered (in patients age > 60 years, etoposide was omitted). If in complete or partial remission, patients proceeded to consolidation with HDT/ASCT. Results Of 166 enrolled patients, 160 had histopathologically confirmed PTCL. The majority presented with advanced-stage disease, B symptoms, and elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase. A total of 115 underwent HDT/ASCT, with 90 in complete remission at 3 months post-transplantation. Early failures occurred in 26%. Treatment-related mortality was 4%. At 60.5 months of median follow-up, 83 patients were alive. Consolidated 5-year overall and progression-free survival (PFS) were 51% (95% CI, 43% to 59%) and 44% (95% CI, 36% to 52%), respectively. Best results were obtained in ALK-negative ALCL. Conclusion Dose-dense induction followed by HDT/ASCT was well tolerated and led to long-term PFS in 44% of treatment-naive patients with PTCL. This represents an encouraging outcome, particularly considering the high median age and adverse risk profile of the study population. Therefore, dose-dense induction and HDT/ASCT are a rational up-front strategy in transplantation-eligible patients with PTCL. J Clin Oncol 30: 3093-3099. (C) 2012 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
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| 8. |
- Eliasson, P., et al.
(författare)
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Virtual aircraft design of transcruiser - Computing break points in pitch moment curve
- 2010
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Ingår i: 28th AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference. - Reston, Virigina : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA). ; , s. 2010-4366-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The SimSAC project has developed the design software CEASIOM, a framework tool that integrates discipline-specific tools like CAD & grid generation, CFD, stability & control analysis etc. for the purpose of aircraft conceptual design. Significant features developed and integrated in CEASIOM are geometry, aerodynamics, flight dynamics and aeroelasticity modules. The design begins with a design specification and uses conventional design methods to prescribe a baseline configuration. Then CEASIOM improves upon this baseline by analyzing its flying and handling qualities. This paper reports on the Transonic cruiser TCR from baseline design to Tier-I design. The baseline T-tail design is based on the design specification, which is a fairly non-complicated one with the exception for the design cruise speed of Mach 0.97. The flight dynamical analysis in CEASIOM of this configuration showed that trimming the aircraft required too large deflections in the design point so a new approach with a canard configuration was designed. A model of this configuration was built and tested in wind tunnel. The paper focuses on the validation of computational tools of different fidelity, from Tier I to Tier II RANS solvers, with test data to get a range of fidelity of the tools. The results showed that Tier I methods fail to reproduce experimental pitch moment already at moderate angles of attack. Euler methods give reasonably accurate predictions but only RANS offers good overall experimental agreement for all angles attack, in particular at higher angles where the flow starts to separate.
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