| 1. |
- Baranowska, Anna, et al.
(author)
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The role of fixed-term contracts at labour market entry in Poland : Stepping stones, screening devices, traps or search subsidies?
- 2011
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In: Work, Employment and Society. - : Sage Publications. - 0950-0170 .- 1469-8722. ; 25:4, s. 777-793
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Poland has become an interesting outlier in Europe in terms of employment flexibility, with an extremely high incidence of fixed-term contracts, particularly at labour market entry. In this article, detailed retrospective data from the Polish School Leavers Survey are used to analyse the dynamics of entry and exit from fixed-term contracts. The results show that neither firm-based vocational training nor diplomas from more selective tertiary education institutions provide graduates better access to secure entry positions. Regarding exit dynamics, transition patterns from fixed-term contracts into unemployment suggest that the timing of exits often coincides with the date of becoming eligible to collect unemployment benefits. The results also imply that, in Poland, fixed-term contracts might serve employers by helping them to identify the best workers.
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| 2. |
- Baranowska, Irena, et al.
(author)
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Clinical applications of fast liquid chromatography: A review on the analysis of cardiovascular drugs and their metabolites
- 2013
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In: Journal of chromatography. B. - : Elsevier. - 1570-0232 .- 1873-376X. ; 927:SI, s. 54-79
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- One of the major challenges facing the medicine today is developing new therapies that enhance human health. To help address these challenges the utilization of analytical technologies and high-throughput automated platforms has been employed; in order to perform more experiments in a shorter time frame with increased data quality. In the last decade various analytical strategies have been established to enhance separation speed and efficiency in liquid chromatography applications. Liquid chromatography is an increasingly important tool for monitoring drugs and their metabolites. Furthermore, liquid chromatography has played an important role in pharmacokinetics and metabolism studies at these drug development stages since its introduction. This paper provides an overview of current trends in fast chromatography for the analysis of cardiovascular drugs and their metabolites in clinical applications. Current trends in fast liquid chromatographic separations involve monolith technologies, fused-core columns, high-temperature liquid chromatography (HTLC) and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC). The high specificity in combination with high sensitivity makes it an attractive complementary method to traditional methodology used for routine applications. The practical aspects of, recent developments in and the present status of fast chromatography for the analysis of biological fluids for therapeutic drug and metabolite monitoring, pharmacokinetic studies and bioequivalence studies are presented.
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| 3. |
- Baranowska, Irena, et al.
(author)
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Determination of selected drugs in human urine by differential pulse voltammetry technique
- 2008
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In: Bioelectrochemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 1567-5394 .- 1878-562X. ; 73:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A new, simple and selective differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method for the simultaneous determination of selected drugs in model solutions and spiked human urine samples with prior extraction was developed and validated. The objects of analysis were paracetamol, furosemide, dipyrone, cefazolin and dexamethasone belonging to four different therapeutic groups (antibiotics, analgesic, demulcent and diuretic). Analytical methods for the preparation of urine samples for voltammetric analysis (liquid-liquid extraction - LLE and solid-phase extraction - SPE) were worked out and optimized. Hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE) and graphite electrode were used as working electrodes. Reference electrode was Ag vertical bar AgCl vertical bar KCI(sat.), whereas auxiliary electrode - platinum electrode. The optimal conditions for quantitative determination were obtained in a Britton-Robinson (BR) buffer at pH 2.4. Quantification was performed by means of calibration curve and standard addition methods. The calibration curves of analysed drugs are linear within the range of concentration: 6.61-66.10, 6.05-54.42, 6.00-65.00, 4.20-33.58 and 0.51-3.06 mu M for paracetamol, furosemide, dipyrone, cefazolin and dexamethasone, respectively. The levels of analysed compounds in human urine can be successfully determined using this developed method with no matrix effect. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
- Baranowska, Irena, et al.
(author)
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Development and Validation of an HPLC Method for the Simultaneous Analysis of 23 Selected Drugs Belonging to Different Therapeutic Groups in Human Urine Samples
- 2009
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In: ANALYTICAL SCIENCES. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0910-6340 .- 1348-2246. ; 25:11, s. 1307-1313
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We have developed and validated a new and reliable gradient reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method with a diode array detector (DAD) for the simultaneous separation and determination of 23 frequently prescribed selected drugs belonging to different therapeutic groups in human urine samples. For the drugs listed below, this method of analysis for human urine was also successfully applied to determine urine concentrations of these drugs in samples from treated patients: enalapril (ENA), paracetamol (PAR), sotatol (SOT), dipyrone (DIP), vancomycin (VAN), captopril (CAP), fluconazole (FLU), cefazolin (CEF), metoprolol (MET), aspirin (ASP), ticlopidine (TIC), prednisolone (PRE), propranolol (PRO), digoxin (DIG), sildenafil (SIL), furosemide (FUR), dexamethasone (DEX), carvedilol (CAR), ketoprofen (KET), nifedipine (NIF), terbinafine (TER), acenocoumarol (ACE) and spironolactone (SPI). Separation of the analytes was achieved by RP-HPLC-DAD with a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile, methanol and 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid in water using a gradient elution program. Good linear relationships over the investigated concentration ranges were observed with values of r(2) higher than 0.998 for all of the drugs. The intra-day and inter-day precisions of this method were evaluated with RSD values less than 4.26 and 5.42%, respectively. The relative recoveries of the 23 investigated compounds ranged from 93.60 to 106.00% with RSD values less than 4.46%. An expanded uncertainty budget was constructed for all investigated drugs in human urine samples.
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| 5. |
- Baranowska, Irena, et al.
(author)
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DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF RP-HPLC-DAD METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF NINE DRUGS AND THEIR ELEVEN METABOLITES IN PLASMA AND URINE: PLASMA SAMPLES MEASUREMENTS
- 2013
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In: Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies. - : Taylor and Francis: STM, Behavioural Science and Public Health Titles / Taylor and Francis. - 1082-6076 .- 1520-572X. ; 36:12, s. 1597-1615
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A new RP-HPLC-DAD method for determination of nine drugs and eleven metabolites in body fluids was developed. The separation of drugs and metabolites (PAR, SOT, MET, ASP, PRO, NIF, CAR, DEX, KET, PAR-S, PAR-G, MET-H, D-MET, SAL, GENT, PRO-S, D-NIF, ODMC, O-DEX, and KET-G) was achieved using Develosil RP-AQUEOUS-AR5 C30 column in 30min. The obtained MQL values (0.02 mu g/mL0.23 mu g/mL) are suitable for urine/plasma measurements. Correlation coefficient (r(2)) was higher than 0.98 for all analytes. The recoveries ranged from 72.1% to 115.2% (RSD andlt;6.4%). Chromatographic data were obtained with accuracy in the range from 0.3 to 5.6%.
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| 6. |
- Baranowska, Irena, et al.
(author)
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PLC analysis of methylxanthines and selected drugs in urine samples
- 2006
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In: Chemia Analityczna. - 0009-2223. ; 51:5, s. 751-760
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A HPLC system for separation and determination of methylxanthines and selected drugs has been developed. Teophylline, 1-methylxanthine, 3-methylxanthine, 1,3-dimethyluric acid, caffeine, paracetamol, furosemide, dexamethasone, prednisolone, cefazolin and imipenem have been determined. A RP-18e column with a RP-18 pre-column and a DAD detector were used. Gradient elution with 0.05% TFA aqueous solution with acetononitrile at the flow rate of 0.8 mL min-1 was applied. The developed system was used to determine the examined compounds in urine samples.
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| 7. |
- Baranowska, Irena, et al.
(author)
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Rapid UHPLC Method for Simultaneous Determination of Vancomycin, Terbinafine, Spironolactone, Furosemide and Their Metabolites: Application to Human Plasma and Urine
- 2010
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In: Analytical Sciences. - : The Japan Society of Analytical Chemistry / The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry. - 0910-6340 .- 1348-2246. ; 26:7, s. 755-759
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)-UV method for the simultaneous determination of furosemide, saluamine (furosemide metabolite), spironolactone, carnenone (spironolactone active metabolite), terbinafine, N-desmethylcarboxy terbinafine (terbinafine metabolite) and vancomycin in human plasma and urine is proposed. Good separation of the analytes was achieved with the gradient RP-UHPLC-UV with the mobile phase composed as acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid. The determined substances were eluted from a Hypersil GOLD C(18)e (50 mm x 2.1 mm, 1.7 mu m particles) column in 3.3 min. Good linear relationships were observed for all of the analytes (R-2 higher than 0.994). The limit of detection (LOD) values varied from 0.01 to 0.07 mu g ml(-1), with vancomycin as an exception (0.11 mu g ml(-1)). After protein precipitation and solid-phase extraction, samples of plasma and urine were analyzed. Thanks to the short analysis time and small quantities of urine or plasma needed, this method can be applied to routine clinical analysis.
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| 8. |
- Baranowska, Irena, et al.
(author)
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Simultaneous determination of sildenafil, its N-desmethyl metabolite and other drugs in human urine by gradient RP-HPLC method
- 2007
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In: Chemia Analityczna. - 0009-2223. ; 52:4, s. 645-671
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A new, rapid, sensitive and accurate gradient reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography technique for simultaneous separation and analysis of sildenafil citrate (SC), its N-desmethyl active metabolite - N-desmethylsildenafil (UK-103,320) in the presence of different drugs in human urine was developed. The analysed drugs were extracted from urine by liquid-liquid extraction. Effective RP-HPLC separation of the examined drugs was performed using a Merck LiChroCART® analytical column (Purospher® STAR RP-18 endcapped, 125 x 3 mm, particle size 5 μm) with a gradient mobile phase system and diode array or fluorescence detector. Linear ranges of detection for SC and UK-103,320 were found to be 0.03-8.5 μg mL-1 (r 2 = 0.9994) for both compounds. Linear ranges for other drugs (analgesic, antibiotic, diuretic and demulcent), which could exist in urine from patients treated with SC were also determined. Complete separation of all analytes was achieved below 25 min. The retention times for all studied analytes ranged from 4.76 to 18.84 min. The limits of detection and limits of quantification for both analysed compounds were calculated and recovery studies were also performed. The mean absolute recoveries of SC and UK-103,320 were > 94%. The new procedure was suitably validated and successfully applied for the analysis of SC, its active metabolite and other drugs in urine samples of patients with pulmonary hypertension.
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| 9. |
- Baranowska, Irena, et al.
(author)
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UHPLC Method for the Simultaneous Determination of beta-Blockers, Isoflavones, and Flavonoids in Human Urine
- 2011
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In: Journal of Chromatographic Science. - : Oxford University Press (OUP): Policy F. - 0021-9665 .- 1945-239X. ; 49:10, s. 764-773
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A simple method using solid-phase extraction (SPE) and ultra high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) for the simultaneous determination of β-blockers, isoflavones, and flavonoids in human urine is developed. A statistical central composite design and response surface analysis is used to optimize the separation of the analytes. These multivariate procedures are efficient in determining the optimal separation condition using resolutions and retention time as responses. A gradient elution using a mobile phase consisting of 0.05% trifluoroacetic acid in water and acetonitrile is applied on a Hypersil GOLD column within a short analysis time of 4.5 min. UV detection was used to monitor the analytes. The suggested method was linear in a concentration range from 0.04-20.00 μg/mL, depending on the compound. The limits of detection ranged from 8.9 to 66.2 ng/mL. The precision was lower than 2.74%, and the accuracy was between 0.01-3.65%. The Oasis HLB column, with the highest recoveries, is selected for the pre-concentration step. This present paper reports, for the first time, a method for the simultaneous determination of β-blockers, isoflavones, and flavonoids in human urine samples. Furthermore, the developed method can also be applied to the routine determination of examined compounds concentrations in human urine.
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| 10. |
- Baranowska, Irena, et al.
(author)
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UHPLC method for the simultaneous determination of beta-blockers, isoflavones and their metabolites in human urine
- 2011
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In: JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES. - : Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.. - 1570-0232. ; 879:9-10, s. 615-626
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A rapid-resolution ultra high-performance liquid chromatography separation method (UHPLC) for the simultaneous determination of the following beta-blockers: milrinone, sotalol, metoprolol, propranolol and carvedilol, and their metabolites: 5-hydroxylphenyl-carvedilol, O-desmethylcarvedilol, 4-hydroxypropranolol, alpha-hydroxy-metoprolol, O-desmethyl-metoprolol; the following isoflavones: genistein, daidzein, glycitin, glycitein, puerarin and biochanin A; as well as their metabolites: dihydrogenistein, desmethylglycitein, 8-hydroxygenistein, daidzein-7,4-diglucoside, 8-hydroxydaidzein, dihydrobiochanin A in human urine was optimized. The analysed compounds were extracted from human urine by means of solid phase extraction (SPE). The effective UHPLC separation of the examined compounds was applied on a Hypersil GOLD (TM) (50 mm x 2.1 mm, 1.9 mu m) column with a gradient mobile phase system and a UV detector. The complete separation of all analytes was achieved within 8.0 min. The method was validated for the determination of the aforementioned substances in human urine. The linear ranges, limits of detection CLOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ) for beta-blockers, isoflavones and their metabolites were determined. The intra- and inter-day precision (%C.V.) was less than 4.48%, and the intra-day and inter-day accuracy was less than 4.74%. The tested SPE sorbent proved that appropriate absolute recoveries can be obtained for Oasis HLB (Waters). The mean recovery of the analytes, using the new SPE procedure, amounted from 70.14% to 99.85%. The present paper reports, for the first time, the method for the determination of beta-blockers, isoflavones and their metabolites in human urine samples. The newly developed method was suitably validated and successfully applied for the analysis of the certain of the aforementioned analytes in human urine samples obtained from the patients suffering cardiovascular disease.
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