| 1. |
- Berghuijs, Herman, et al.
(författare)
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Calibrating and testing APSIM for wheat-faba bean pure cultures and intercrops across Europe
- 2021
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Ingår i: Field Crops Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-4290 .- 1872-6852. ; 264
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cereal-legume intercropping can increase yields, reduce fertilizer input and improve soil quality compared with pure culture. Designing intercropping systems requires the integration of plant species trait selection with choice of crop configuration and management. Crop growth models can facilitate the understanding and prediction of the interactions between plant traits, crop configuration and management. However, currently no existing crop growth model has been calibrated and tested for cereal-legume intercrops throughout Europea. We calibrated the Agricultural Production Systems sIMulator (APSIM) for pure cultures of wheat and faba bean using data from Dutch field trials, and determined the phenological parameters to simulate pure cultures and intercrops from seven field experiments across Europe. APSIM successfully reproduced aboveground dry matters and, for wheat only, grain yields in pure cultures. In intercrops, APSIM systematically overestimated the aboveground dry matter and grain yield of faba bean and underestimated those of wheat. APSIM was reasonably capable of simulating plant heights in pure cultures, but respectively overestimated and underestimated the height of faba bean and wheat in intercrops. In order to simulate wheat-faba bean intercrops better, APSIM should be improved regarding the calculation of biomass partitioning to grains in faba bean and of height growth in both species.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Berghuijs, Herman, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of species traits enhancing yield in wheat-faba bean intercropping: development and sensitivity analysis of a minimalist mixture model
- 2020
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Ingår i: Plant and Soil. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0032-079X .- 1573-5036. ; 455, s. 203-226
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim Cereal-legume intercropping can result in yield gains compared to monocrops. We aim to identify the combination of crop traits and management practices that confer a yield advantage in strip intercropping. Methods We developed a novel, parameter-sparse process-based crop growth model (Minimalist Mixture Model, M-3) that can simulate strip intercrops under well-watered but nitrogen limited growth conditions. It was calibrated and validated for spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) and spring faba bean (Vicia faba) grown as monocrops and intercrops, and used to identify the most suitable trait combinations in these intercrops via sensitivity analyses. Results The land equivalent ratio of intercrops was greater than one over a wide range of nitrogen fertilizer levels, but transgressive overyielding, with total yield in the intercrop greater than that of either sole crop, was only obtained at intermediate nitrogen applications. We ranked the local sensitivities of the individual yields of wheat and faba bean of the whole intercrop under various nitrogen input levels to various crop traits. Conclusions The total intercrop yield can be improved by selecting specific traits related to phenology of both species, as well as light use efficiency of faba bean and, under high nitrogen applications, of wheat. Changes in height-related crop traits affected individual yields of species in intercrops but not the total intercrop yield.
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| 4. |
- Berghuijs, Herman
(författare)
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In silico study of the role of cell growth factors in photosynthesis using a virtual leaf tissue generator coupled to a microscale photosynthesis gas exchange model
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Botany. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0022-0957 .- 1460-2431. ; 71, s. 997-1009
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Computational tools that allow in silico analysis of the role of cell growth and division on photosynthesis are scarce. We present a freely available tool that combines a virtual leaf tissue generator and a two-dimensional microscale model of gas transport during C-3 photosynthesis. A total of 270 mesophyll geometries were generated with varying degrees of growth anisotropy, growth extent, and extent of schizogenous airspace formation in the palisade mesophyll. The anatomical properties of the virtual leaf tissue and microscopic cross-sections of actual leaf tissue of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) were statistically compared. Model equations for transport of CO2 in the liquid phase of the leaf tissue were discretized over the geometries. The virtual leaf tissue generator produced a leaf anatomy of tomato that was statistically similar to real tomato leaf tissue. The response of photosynthesis to intercellular CO2 predicted by a model that used the virtual leaf tissue geometry compared well with measured values. The results indicate that the light-saturated rate of photosynthesis was influenced by interactive effects of extent and directionality of cell growth and degree of airspace formation through the exposed surface of mesophyll per leaf area. The tool could be used further in investigations of improving photosynthesis and gas exchange in relation to cell growth and leaf anatomy.
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| 5. |
- Berghuijs, Herman
(författare)
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Using a reaction-diffusion model to estimate day respiration and reassimilation of (photo)respired CO2 in leaves
- 2019
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Ingår i: New Phytologist. - : Wiley. - 0028-646X .- 1469-8137. ; 223, s. 619-631
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Methods using gas exchange measurements to estimate respiration in the light (day respiration Rd) make implicit assumptions about reassimilation of (photo)respired CO2; however, this reassimilation depends on the positions of mitochondria. We used a reaction-diffusion model without making these assumptions to analyse datasets on gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and anatomy for tomato leaves. We investigated how Rd values obtained by the Kok and the Yin methods are affected by these assumptions and how those by the Laisk method are affected by the positions of mitochondria. The Kok method always underestimated Rd. Estimates of Rd by the Yin method and by the reaction-diffusion model agreed only for nonphotorespiratory conditions. Both the Yin and Kok methods ignore reassimilation of (photo)respired CO2, and thus underestimated Rd for photorespiratory conditions, but this was less so in the Yin than in the Kok method. Estimates by the Laisk method were affected by assumed positions of mitochondria. It did not work if mitochondria were in the cytosol between the plasmamembrane and the chloroplast envelope. However, mitochondria were found to be most likely between the tonoplast and chloroplasts. Our reaction-diffusion model effectively estimates Rd, enlightens the dependence of Rd estimates on reassimilation and clarifies (dis)advantages of existing methods.
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| 6. |
- Vico, Giulia, et al.
(författare)
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M3 model as a prototype tool for predicting performance of innovative plant teams Deliverable D3.2 (D23)
- 2020
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- This deliverable report describes the applicability of the Minimalist Mixture Model – M3 – as a prototype tool for predicting performance of innovative plant teams. M3 has been developed as part of the work conducted in DIVERSify within WP3. M3, and its most recent further developments, are briefly described. The emphasis is on the general structure of the model, and the data needed for its calibration, running and validation. In addition, this report presents two applications of M3 to predict the performance of existing and novel plant teams. In the first application, M3 is used to determine the performance of plant teams differing from the existing ones for specific parameters, thus helping in the identification of key traits for superior performance, and hence potential innovative plant teams that should be prioritized in breeding. In the second application, M3 is used to determine the stability of a plant team performance in the face of variable climatic conditions, including those projected for the future.
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| 7. |
- Weih, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Summary report on mechanisms underpinning beneficial plant associations based on APSIM and DAISY
- 2019
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- This deliverable reports on the work conducted within WP3, based on two existing crop growth models, APSIM and DAISY. The objective of deliverable 3.1 is to identify the key traits and mechanisms underpinning beneficial plant associations, by calibrating, validating and running APSIM and DAISY. For each model, this report presents in detail i) the data used for model calibration and validation, and the rationale for their choice; ii) the calibration and validation process; iii) the results of simulation runs and comparison with field trial data across pedoclimatic conditions; and iv) a discussion of the key aspects driving the performance of each model and the key plant traits defining the output, with particular reference to intercropped systems. In addition, the report also presents an evaluation of resource use efficiencies in support of the modelling work. On the basis of the calibration and validation results, the two models are also contrasted. APSIM and DAISY showed some promising results for the simulation of spring wheat-faba bean and spring barley-field pea systems, towards the identification of the key traits and mechanisms driving the interaction of cereals and legumes in field conditions and across different pedoclimatic regions. Further steps are discussed towards the improvement of the model capabilities, in particular pertaining intercropped systems, also exploiting some additional experimental results relative to plant nutrient use efficiency.
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