| 1. |
- Herlitz, Johan, 1949, et al.
(författare)
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Early identification and delay to treatment in myocardial infarction and stroke: differences and similarities.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1757-7241. ; 18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The two major complications of atherosclerosis are acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and acute ischemic stroke. Both are life-threatening conditions characterised by the abrupt cessation of blood flow to respective organs, resulting in an infarction. Depending on the extent of the infarction, loss of organ function varies considerably. In both conditions, it is possible to limit the extent of infarction with early intervention. In both conditions, minutes count. This article aims to describe differences and similarities with regard to the way patients, bystanders and health care providers act in the acute phase of the two diseases with the emphasis on the pre-hospital phase.
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| 4. |
- Clark, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Psychological restoration, coping strategies and children’s cognitive performance in the RANCH study
- 2006
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Inter-Noise 2006, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, 3-6 December, 2006, Paper no in06_090 (Available on CD). ; :Paper no in06_090
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The RANCH study found a linear exposure effect association between chronic aircraft noise exposure at primary school and the impairment of children’s reading comprehension, in the Netherlands, Spain and the United Kingdom. This paper presents multilevel modelling analyses, exploring psychological mechanisms, which may moderate the effect of aircraft noise on children’s cognition. Psychological restoration – the process whereby places which afford tranquility and relaxation are utilized to reduce stress and promote well being – has been shown to reduce the adverse effect of noise on children’s annoyance responses. This paper examines whether having places for psychological restoration at home, moderates the adverse effects of chronic aircraft noise exposure at school on children’s cognition. In addition, the effectiveness of coping strategies in relation to noise exposure at school are examined – are specific coping strategies associated with less impairment of cognition? Multi-level models examining the role of psychological restoration and coping strategies, as part of a broader model of environmental risk and protective factors for children’s cognition are presented. The implication of the findings for interventions for children attending noise exposed schools are discussed.
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| 5. |
- Johannisson, Bengt, 1942-, et al.
(författare)
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Organizing Societal Entrepreneurship : A Cross-Sector Challenge
- 2015. - 1
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Ingår i: Handbook of Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Development Research. - Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 9781849808231 - 9781849808248 ; , s. 130-154
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Allying and expanding the diverse fields of entrepreneurship and sustainable development research is a modern day imperative. The Handbook of Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Development Research cuts through the different approaches and perspectives of the two fields to point the way ahead for research on sustainable entrepreneurship, outlining the motivation, intentions and impact of ecopreneurs in a local, national and global context.This Handbook paints an illuminating picture of the historic and current understanding of the bond between entrepreneurship and sustainable development. The authors explore the basic contradictions between the two fields and outline the transformative role entrepreneurship can play in achieving sustainable development. 45 expert researchers and their research communities from 16 countries across Europe, Africa, Australia and North America provide original and informative contributions on a variety of issues, from women’s empowerment to climate change and organic farmers to ecotourism.With current and authorative contributions spanning the globe, this Handbook will inspire researchers, teachers and policy-makers to compose their own understanding and contribution on the fast expanding field of entrepreneurship and sustainable development.
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| 6. |
- Kihlman, Tor, 1934, et al.
(författare)
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Monitoring the long-term development of the community noise situation.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 33rd International Congress and Exposition on Noise Control Engineering, Prag, Czech Republic, August 22-25. 6 pages..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The community noise situation changes slowly and the goal – a community without noise disturbances – is very remote. It is, however, important to monitor if the development goes in direction of increasing or decreasing problems. The studies in the program Soundscape support to health have given some quantitative data on how differences in the acoustic soundscape can influence residents’ perceived soundscapes as well as their annoyance and sleep disturbance. It is insufficient to look only at the sound pressure levels outside the most exposed facades. Cost effective measures to reduce the adverse effects and promote positive effects can retrieved from soundscape studies. Monitoring the development by sufficiently accurate acoustic measurements in a sufficient number of points is very expensive. A better way is to try to measure the adverse effects of the community noise. Annoyance is one adverse candidate variable that can be measured at reasonable cost. A first study of this kind has been performed in Sweden through telephone interviews directed to 2000 persons. The results are promising.
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| 7. |
- Stansfeld, S A, et al.
(författare)
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Aircraft and road traffic noise and children's cognition and health: a cross-national study.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Lancet. - 1474-547X .- 0140-6736. ; 365:9475, s. 1942-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Exposure to environmental stressors can impair children's health and their cognitive development. The effects of air pollution, lead, and chemicals have been studied, but there has been less emphasis on the effects of noise. Our aim, therefore, was to assess the effect of exposure to aircraft and road traffic noise on cognitive performance and health in children. METHODS: We did a cross-national, cross-sectional study in which we assessed 2844 of 3207 children aged 9-10 years who were attending 89 schools of 77 approached in the Netherlands, 27 in Spain, and 30 in the UK located in local authority areas around three major airports. We selected children by extent of exposure to external aircraft and road traffic noise at school as predicted from noise contour maps, modelling, and on-site measurements, and matched schools within countries for socioeconomic status. We measured cognitive and health outcomes with standardised tests and questionnaires administered in the classroom. We also used a questionnaire to obtain information from parents about socioeconomic status, their education, and ethnic origin. FINDINGS: We identified linear exposure-effect associations between exposure to chronic aircraft noise and impairment of reading comprehension (p=0.0097) and recognition memory (p=0.0141), and a non-linear association with annoyance (p<0.0001) maintained after adjustment for mother's education, socioeconomic status, longstanding illness, and extent of classroom insulation against noise. Exposure to road traffic noise was linearly associated with increases in episodic memory (conceptual recall: p=0.0066; information recall: p=0.0489), but also with annoyance (p=0.0047). Neither aircraft noise nor traffic noise affected sustained attention, self-reported health, or overall mental health. INTERPRETATION: Our findings indicate that a chronic environmental stressor-aircraft noise-could impair cognitive development in children, specifically reading comprehension. Schools exposed to high levels of aircraft noise are not healthy educational environments.
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