| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Khonsari, R H, et al.
(author)
-
Shape and volume of craniofacial cavities in intentional skull deformations
- 2013
-
In: American Journal of Physical Anthropology. - : Wiley. - 0002-9483 .- 1096-8644. ; 151:1, s. 110-119
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Intentional cranial deformations (ICD) have been observed worldwide but are especially prevalent in preColombian cultures. The purpose of this study was to assess the consequences of ICD on three cranial cavities (intracranial cavity, orbits, and maxillary sinuses) and on cranial vault thickness, in order to screen for morphological changes due to the external constraints exerted by the deformation device. We acquired CT-scans for 39 deformed and 19 control skulls. We studied the thickness of the skull vault using qualitative and quantitative methods. We computed the volumes of the orbits, of the maxillary sinuses, and of the intracranial cavity using haptic-aided semi-automatic segmentation. We finally defined 3D distances and angles within orbits and maxillary sinuses based on 27 anatomical landmarks and measured these features on the 58 skulls. Our results show specific bone thickness patterns in some types of ICD, with localized thinning in regions subjected to increased pressure and thickening in other regions. Our findings confirm that volumes of the cranial cavities are not affected by ICDs but that the shapes of the orbits and of the maxillary sinuses are modified in circumferential deformations. We conclude that ICDs can modify the shape of the cranial cavities and the thickness of their walls but conserve their volumes. These results provide new insights into the morphological effects associated with ICDs and call for similar investigations in subjects with deformational plagiocephalies and craniosynostoses.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Champagne, A., et al.
(author)
-
First-order Raman scattering of rare-earth containing i-MAX single crystals (Mo2/3RE1/3)(2)AlC (RE = Nd, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er)
- 2019
-
In: Physical Review Materials. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 2475-9953. ; 3:5
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Herein, we report on the growth of single crystals of various (Mo2/3RE1/3)(2)AlC (RE = Nd, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er) i-MAX phases and their Raman characterization. Using first principles, the wave numbers of the various phonon modes and their relative atomic displacements are calculated and compared to experimental results. Twelve high-intensity Raman peaks are identified as the fingerprint of this new family of rare-earth containing i-MAX phases, thus being a useful tool to investigate their corresponding composition and structural properties. Indeed, while a redshift is observed in the low-wave-number range due to an increase of the rare-earth atomic mass when moving from left to right on the lanthanide row, a blueshift is observed for most of the high-wave-number modes due to a strengthening of the bonds. A complete classification of bond stiffnesses is achieved based on the direct dependence of a phonon mode wave number with respect to the bond stiffness. Finally, STEM images are used to confirm the crystal structure.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Charlier, P, et al.
(author)
-
The EPA guidance on suicide treatment and prevention needs to be adjusted to fight the epidemics of suicide at the North Pole area and other autochthonous communities
- 2017
-
In: European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1778-3585. ; 41, s. 129-131
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- More and more, youth suicide in the Inuit community is gaining importance, with a frequency in Greenland rising from 14.4 (1960–64) to 110.4 per 100,000 person-years (2010–11). The huge cultural/educational changes during the last 20 years and the role of globalization, especially of the occidental influence on this community may be at the origin of such an “epidemics” of suicide in this cultural region. Recently, a political organization representing the Inuit community in Canada (ITK for Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami) launched a National Inuit Suicide Prevention Strategy (NISP) based on the specificities of this community in comparison to the occidental civilization. In fact, not only the Canadian Inuit community is concerned by this epidemics of suicide, but also many other autochthonous groups. In this context, the European Psychiatric Association (EPA) guidance on suicide treatment and prevention needs to be adjusted to autochthonous individuals’ needs.
|
|
| 8. |
- Charlier, R, et al.
(author)
-
Modelling Coupled Mechanics, Moisture and Heat in Pavement Structures
- 2009
-
In: Water in Road Structures. - Dordrecht : Springer. ; , s. 243-281
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Different physical problems have been analysed in the preceding {chapters}: they relate to water transfer, to heat transfer, to pollutant transfer and to mechanical equilibrium. All these problems are governed by differential equations and boundary conditions but analytical solutions are, in general, unobtainable because of the complex interaction of the various aspects which are always present in real-world situations. In such circumstances, numerical modelling can give a valuable alternative methodology for solving such highly coupled problems. The first part of this chapter is dedicated to a brief statement of the finite element method for highly coupled phenomena. In the second part, a number of numerical simulations are summarised as an illustration of what could be done with modern tools. The chapter shows that it is possible to achieve realistic results although, at present, some simplification is often required to do so.
|
|
| 9. |
- Charlier, R, et al.
(author)
-
Water Influence on Bearing Capacity and Pavement Performance : Field Observations
- 2009
-
In: Water in Road Structures. - Dordrecht : Springer. - 9781402085611 ; , s. 175-192
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This chapter presents a mechanical behaviour study, i.e. the bearing capacity as a function of the moisture degree. The field point of view is expressed and the chapter summarises a number of observations on road behaviour, in relation to variations of moisture. First, the road structure is recalled with respect to the mechanical analysis point of view. Then some observations on field under temperate climate, humid, are given. In a second step, the specific case of frost and thawing are discussed.
|
|
| 10. |
- Laloui, L., et al.
(author)
-
Water Influence on Mechanical Behaviour of Pavements : Constitutive Modelling
- 2009
-
In: Water in road structures. - Dordrecht : Springer. - 9781402085611 ; , s. 193-216
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This chapter deals with the effects of water on the mechanical behaviour of pavements. The analysis is based on constitutive considerations. Constitutive models devoted to both routine and advanced pavement analysis and design are introduced and both the resilient behaviour as well as the long term elasto-plastic approaches are presented. As soon as the approach considers the material as a two phase (solid matrix and a fluid), the introduction of the effective stress concept is required. In the last section an analysis is made on the extension of the constitutive models to the characterisation of partially saturated materials
|
|
| 11. |
- Savini, G., et al.
(author)
-
Bending modes, elastic constants and mechanical stability of graphitic systems
- 2011
-
In: Carbon. - : Elsevier BV. - 0008-6223 .- 1873-3891. ; 49:1, s. 62-69
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The thermodynamic and mechanical properties of graphitic systems are strongly dependent on the shear elastic constant C44. Using state-of-the-art density functional calculations, we provide the first complete determination of their elastic constants and exfoliation energies. We show that stacking misorientations lead to a severe lowering of C44 of at least one order of magnitude. The lower exfoliation energy and the lower C44 (more bending modes) suggest that flakes with random stacking should be easier to exfoliate than the ones with perfect or rhombohedral stacking. We also predict ultralow friction behaviour in turbostratic graphitic systems.
|
|
| 12. |
- Tao, Quanzheng, et al.
(author)
-
Rare-earth (RE) nanolaminates Mo4RE4Al7C3 featuring ferromagnetism and mixed-valence states
- 2018
-
In: Physical Review Materials. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 2475-9953. ; 2:11
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Rare-earth-based (RE) nanolaminates have attracted attention recently because of their complicated magnetism and their potential as precursors for strongly correlated two-dimensional materials. In this work, we synthesized a class of nanolaminates with a Mo4RE4Al7C3 chemistry, where RE = Ce or Pr. Powder samples of both phases were characterized with respect to structure and composition. Single crystals of Mo4Ce4Al7C3 were used for magnetization measurements. The crystal structure was investigated by means of x-ray diffraction and scanning transmission electron microscopy. Magnetization analysis reveals a ferromagnetic ground state with a Curie temperature of similar to 10.5 K. X-ray absorption near-edge structure provides experimental evidence that Ce is in a mixed-valence state. X-ray magnetic circular dichroism shows that only the Ce atoms with 4f(1) configuration occupying one of the two possible sites are ferromagnetically coupled, with a saturation moment of similar to 1.2 mu(B) per atom. We thus classify Mo4Ce4Al7C3 as a ferromagnetic, mixed-valence compound.
|
|
