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- Borg, Kristian, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of seven measures of sickness absence-based on data from three counties in Sweden
- 2006
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 26:4, s. 421-428
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective was to compare the applicability of and results provided by the two measures of sickness absence used most often within the Swedish social insurance administration (that is, unadjusted sick-leave rate and adjusted sick-leave rate) and five measures suggested by epidemiological researchers. Data consisted of four cross-sectional data sets of registry sick-leave data covering four separate years (1997-2000) in three counties. In total 454,000 persons qualified for sickness insurance and aged 20-64 years were included. The two measures used within the social insurance administration and three of the five measures suggested by epidemiological researchers revealed sex-related dissimilarities in absence patterns that indicated that women had more sickness absence than men. However, in marked contrast to those results, two of the epidemiologically based measures (i.e., length of sickness absence and duration of sickness absence) instead showed highly comparable rates of sick leave for men and women, and such information is seldom obtained, albeit definitely of importance, when trying to make a correct assessment of sickness absence. The measure of sickness absence that is used influences the findings and should therefore be chosen with care. Complementing the measures used in the social insurance administration by five measures suggested by epidemiological researchers provided a more informative and comprehensive picture of sickness absence in a population. Further investigations into the effect of using different measures is needed, as well as international consensus on what to call different measures.
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| 4. |
- Fahlén, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Effort-reward imbalance, "locked in" at work, and long-term sick leave
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. - : Springer. - 0340-0131 .- 1432-1246. ; 82:2, s. 191-197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective was to study the relationship between a situation characterized as being in a "locked-in" position (LIP) in occupation and/or place of work, Effort-reward imbalance (ERI), and long-term sick leave. The study population derived from one section of a cross-sectional study SKA (sick-leave, culture and attitudes), and comprised all employees at the Swedish Social Insurance Agency responsible for management and compensation of illness in the working population. The analyses were performed for 2,951 women and 534 men who had complete data. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratio (OR) for ERI and sick-leave, the latter only for women. The results showed a strong association between LIP within the place of work and ERI (for women OR = 3.28 95% CI 2.65-4.07, and for men 2.74 1.75-4.30). Also LIP within occupation resulted in high ERI (for women OR = 1.96 1.57-2.41, and for men 1.92 1.22-3.03). In women, ERI (OR = 1.40 1.15-1.70) as well as LIP within place of work (1.88 1.50-2.36) and within occupation (1.48 1.12-1.86) were associated with sick leave. ERI showed a significant mediating effect between LIP and sick leave, within place of work and within occupation (Z value 2.20 and 2.88, respectively). High ERI is associated with a situation characterized by being locked-in within an occupation or/and within a place of work. The results thereby support the theoretical model of Effort-reward imbalance. The results show that high ERI and being locked in are associated with long-term sick leave. ERI is a potential mediator of the association between being locked in and sick leave.
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| 9. |
- Knutsson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Occupation and unemployment rates as predictors of long term sickness absence in two Swedish counties.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Social Science and Medicine. - 0277-9536 .- 1873-5347. ; 47:1, s. 25-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study was aimed to describe the prevalence of long term sickness absence in common male and female occupations and to determine the relative importance of unemployment rates for sickness absence. The prevalence of long term sick leave was investigated among 12 male and female occupations (N = 84,319) in two counties of Sweden. The age-adjusted sickness absence rate ranged between 0.5 and 9.5% among women and between 1.2 and 9.1% in men. When controlling for age and occupation there was no relationship between unemployment rates and sickness absence rate among females. Among males, however, an inverse relationship between unemployment rates and long term sickness absence was found. An unemployment rate of 6.1% or higher was associated with a relative risk for sickness absence of 0.4 compared with reference level 1.0 in the group with the lowest unemployment rate (0-1.1%). There was a strong positive correlation between age and absenteeism. Musculoskeletal symptoms was the dominating diagnostic group in all age groups Knutsson A, Goine H. Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Umea University, Sweden. The study was aimed to describe the prevalence of long term sickness absence in common male and female occupations and to determine the relative importance of unemployment rates for sickness absence. The prevalence of long term sick leave was investigated among 12 male and female occupations (N = 84,319) in two counties of Sweden. The age-adjusted sickness absence rate ranged between 0.5 and 9.5% among women and between 1.2 and 9.1% in men. When controlling for age and occupation there was no relationship between unemployment rates and sickness absence rate among females. Among males, however, an inverse relationship between unemployment rates and long term sickness absence was found. An unemployment rate of 6.1% or higher was associated with a relative risk for sickness absence of 0.4 compared with reference level 1.0 in the group with the lowest unemployment rate (0-1.1%). There was a strong positive correlation between age and absenteeism. Musculoskeletal symptoms was the dominating diagnostic group in all age groups. PMID: 9683376 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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