| 1. |
- Schleede, Simone, et al.
(författare)
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X-ray phase-contrast tomosynthesis for improved breast tissue discrimination.
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Journal of Radiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-7727 .- 0720-048X. ; 83:3, s. 531-536
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Attenuation-based tomosynthesis has proven to successfully resolve the glandular tissue overlap present in mammography. However, the ability of tomosynthesis to differentiate tumorous and glandular tissue remains limited, due to the small differences in X-ray attenuation in breast tissue. One possibility to overcome this limitation and to further increase the diagnostic value of tomosynthesis exams, is the application of recently developed grating-based phase-contrast methods, which provide complementary information on the phase shift and the local scattering power of the sample. In this study, we report on first phase-contrast breast tomosynthesis results of a mastectomy sample slice with an invasive ductal carcinoma.
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| 2. |
- Yaroshenko, Andre, et al.
(författare)
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Grating-based X-ray dark-field imaging : a new paradigm in radiography
- 2014
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Ingår i: Current Radiology Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2167-4825. ; 2, s. 1-9
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Grating-based X-ray dark-field contrast is an emerging new imaging modality that is demonstrating particularly high potential for radiography. The signal in dark-field X-ray imaging is determined by small-angle X-ray scattering at structures typically below the spatial resolution of the imaging setup. Thus, this technique not only yields complementary information but also visualizes information that lies under the resolution limit for conventional, absorption-based radiography. Grating-based X-ray dark-field imaging has been shown to be feasible with both synchrotron radiation and conventional X-ray tubes. Lung, breast, and bone imaging have been identified as the applications promising the main impact, but other applications are on the horizon. Specifically, dark-field radiography has been used to detect pulmonary emphysema and assesses its regional distribution in mice and holds promise to improve the visualization of micro-calcifications in mammography and yields information about bone microstructure. Further technical developments are required to make the technique suitable for clinical use.
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| 3. |
- Zhang, Qian, et al.
(författare)
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The glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) regulates body weight and food intake via CNS-GIPR signaling
- 2021
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Ingår i: Cell Metabolism. - : Elsevier BV. - 1550-4131 .- 1932-7420. ; 33:4, s. 833-844
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Uncertainty exists as to whether the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR) should be activated or inhibited for the treatment of obesity. Gipr was recently demonstrated in hypothalamic feeding centers, but the physiological relevance of CNS Gipr remains unknown. Here we show that HFD-fed CNS-Gipr KO mice and humanized (h)GIPR knockin mice with CNS-hGIPR deletion show decreased body weight and improved glucose metabolism. In DIO mice, acute central and peripheral administration of acyl-GIP increases cFos neuronal activity in hypothalamic feeding centers, and this coincides with decreased body weight and food intake and improved glucose handling. Chronic central and peripheral administration of acyl-GIP lowers body weight and food intake in wild-type mice, but shows blunted/absent efficacy in CNS-Gipr KO mice. Also, the superior metabolic effect of GLP-1/GIP co-agonism relative to GLP-1 is extinguished in CNS-Gipr KO mice. Our data hence establish a key role of CNS Gipr for control of energy metabolism.
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