| 1. |
- Gummesson, Anders, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Relations of Adipose Tissue Cell Death-Inducing DFFA-like Effector A Gene Expression to Basal Metabolic Rate, Energy Restriction and Obesity: Population-based and Dietary Intervention Studies.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 92:12, s. 4759-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector A (CIDEA) could be a potential target for the treatment of obesity via the modulation of metabolic rate, based on the findings that CIDEA inhibits the brown adipose tissue uncoupling process in rodents. Objective: To investigate the putative link between CIDEA and basal metabolic rate in humans, and to further elucidate the role of CIDEA in human obesity. Design: We have explored CIDEA gene expression in adipose tissue in two different human studies: A cross-sectional and population-based study assessing body composition and metabolic rate (Mölndal Metabolic study, n=92), and a longitudinal intervention-study of obese subjects treated with a very low calorie diet (VLCD study, n=24). Results: The CIDEA gene was predominantly expressed in adipocytes as compared to other human tissues. CIDEA gene expression in adipose tissue was inversely associated with basal metabolic rate independently of body composition, age and gender (p=0.014). VLCD induced an increase in adipose tissue CIDEA expression (p<0.0001) with a subsequent decrease in response to refeeding (p<0.0001). Reduced CIDEA gene expression was associated with a high body fat content (p<0.0001) and with high insulin levels (p<0.01). No dysregulation of CIDEA expression was observed in individuals with the metabolic syndrome when compared with BMI-matched controls. In a separate sample of VLCD-treated subjects (n=10), uncoupling protein 1 expression was reduced during diet (p=0.0026) and inversely associated with CIDEA expression (p=0.0014). Conclusion: The findings are consistent with the concept that CIDEA plays a role in adipose tissue energy expenditure.
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| 2. |
- Gripeteg, Lena, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Concomitant Associations of Healthy Food Intake and Cardiorespiratory Fitness With Coronary Artery Calcium
- 2018
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Ingår i: American Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9149 .- 1879-1913. ; 122:4, s. 560-564
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conflicting findings remain regarding associations between lifestyle behaviors and coronary artery calcium (CAC). We investigated concomitant associations of healthy food intake and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) with CAC. Data from 706 men and women 50 to 64 years old from the Swedish SCAPIS pilot trial were analyzed. A CAC score was calculated using the Agatston method. A Healthy Food Index (HFI) was established using data from a web-based food frequency questionnaire. CRF was assessed from a bike exercise test. Regression analyses were performed with occurrence of CAC (dichotomous) and level of CAC score in patients with CAC (continuous) as outcomes. 58% had 0 CAC score. HFI was significantly associated with having no CAC (standardized coefficient β = 0.18, p <0.001) but not with level of CAC score (β = −0.09, p = 0.34). CRF showed no significant association with having no CAC (β = −0.08, p = 0.12) or with the level of CAC score (β = −0.04, p = 0.64). However, there was an interaction between HFI and CRF (β = −0.23, p = 0.02); for increasing levels of CRF there was stronger negative association between HFI and level of CAC score, reaching β = −0.48, p = 0.045 for the highest CRF level. In conclusion, these results emphasize the importance of a healthy food intake in combination with higher CRF to counteract CAC development.
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| 3. |
- Gripeteg, Lena, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of bariatric surgery on disability pension in Swedish obese subjects
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Obesity. - 0307-0565 .- 1476-5497. ; 36:3, s. 356-362
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Prospective controlled data on the long-term effects of bariatric surgery on disability pension are not available. This study prospectively compare disability pension in surgically and conventionally treated obese men and women. METHODS: The Swedish obese subjects study started in 1987 and involved 2010 obese patients who had bariatric surgery and 2037 contemporaneously matched obese controls, who received conventional treatment. Outcomes of this report were: (i) incidence of disability pension from study inclusion to 31 December 2006 in all subjects, and, (ii) number of disability pension days over 10 years in a subgroup of individuals (N=2901) followed for at least 10 years where partial pensions were recalculated to full number of days per year. Objective information on granted disability pension was obtained from the Swedish Social Insurance Agency and disability pension follow-up rate was 99.9%. RESULTS: In men, the unadjusted incidence of disability pension did not differ between the surgery and control groups (N=156 in both groups). When adjusting for baseline confounders in men, a reduced risk of disability pension was suggested in the surgery group (hazard ratio 0.79, 95% confidence interval 0.62-1.00; P=0.05). Furthermore, the adjusted average number of disability pension days was lower in the surgery group, 609 versus 734 days (P=0.01). In women, bariatric surgery was not associated with significant effects on incidence or number of days of disability pension. CONCLUSION: Bariatric surgery may be associated with favourable effects on disability pension for up to 19 years in men whereas neither favourable nor unfavourable effects could be detected in women.
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| 4. |
- Gripeteg, Lena, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Predictors of Very-Low-Energy Diet Outcome in Obese Women and Men
- 2010
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Ingår i: OBESITY FACTS. - 1662-4025. ; 3:3, s. 159-165
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore baseline outcome predictors of a 12-week very-low-energy diet (VLED) treatment. METHODS: Obese patients (177 women and 90 men) started treatment. Multivariate linear and logistic regressions were used to predict weight loss (%), successful outcome (>or= 10% weight loss) and attrition. Potential predictors were anthropometry, socioeconomic variables, established questionnaires on health-related quality of life, and eating behavior, and additional questions related to dieting. RESULTS: Mean weight loss was 13.5% (standard deviation (SD) 5.6) in women and 15.1% (6.1) in men (p = 0.054). Greater weight loss in women was predicted by having more children, lower education, and better perceived physical health (R-square (R(2)) = 12.7%), and in men by better ambulation capacity, living with a partner/children, and snacking on ice-cream more often (R(2) = 39.4%). Successful outcome in women was predicted by less obesity-related psychosocial dysfunction, and in men by better functioning in social interaction and ambulation capacity. Attrition was predicted by lower age and larger hip circumference in women, and in men by lower perceived general health. Two-week weight loss was independently associated with all outcomes except attrition in women. CONCLUSION: Factors related to perceived physical health, social interaction, socio-economic factors, and obesity-related psychosocial problems predicted VLED outcome. The predictors differed by gender.
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| 5. |
- Gripeteg, Lena, 1970
(författare)
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Weight loss studies in obese patients. Aspects of very-low-energy diet treatment and effects of obesity surgery on disability pension
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Obesity is associated with increased risk of serious medical conditions, impaired quality of life, reduced working capacity, and shortened life expectancy. Obesity surgery is the most effective weight loss treatment with large health benefits, including reduced mortality. However, the long-term effects on productivity loss are not known. Surgical treatment is not an option for all obese patients and effective dietary treatments are much needed. Very-low-energy diets (VLED) induce rapid and substantial weight loss. After the VLED period, patients switch back to ordinary food. The refeeding period may be crucial in adjusting eating habits to maintain weight loss. The effect of different refeeding strategies on weight development has so far not been examined. VLED does not work for all patients and it is therefore important to understand who will benefit the most from VLED treatment and identify those who need extra support. The aim of this thesis was to test if a prolonged refeeding duration after VLED-induced weight loss improves weight development, to explore factors predicting VLED weight loss and drop out, and to study the effect of obesity surgery on disability pension. Obese patients were recruited to a 1-year, randomised weight management intervention with 12 weeks of initial VLED. Those who lost at least 10 percent of their weight on the VLED were randomised to either 1 or 6 weeks of refeeding to an ordinary, energy-reduced diet. Patients with longer refeeding regained significantly less weight up to 1 year and maintained higher levels of dietary restraint, reflecting an improved ability to restrict food intake and follow dietary prescriptions. VLED treatment resulted in similar outcomes in women and men. However, the predictors differed by gender. Variables related to perceived physical health, social interaction, socioeconomic factors and obesity-related psychosocial problems predicted VLED outcome. Furthermore, the results suggest that social support and walking capacity are important determinants of successful weight loss in men whereas psychosocial function may influence VLED outcome in women. The Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study involves 2010 surgically treated patients and 2037 obese, contemporaneously, matched control patients followed for up to 20 years. The surgically treated patients achieved sustained weight loss whereas the conventionally treated controls were on average weight stable. Information on granted disability pension was obtained for all participants from the Swedish Social Insurance Agency. The risk of disability pension was lower in the surgically treated men than in the control men when adjusting for confounders (HR=0.79; 95% CI: 0.62–1.00, P=0.05). Number of disability pension days was also lower in men (609 versus 734 days, P=0.01) in a subgroup followed over 10 years (903 men/1994 women) In women, the risk of disability pension or adjusted number of days over 10 years (889 versus 888 days) did not differ between the treatment groups (P=0.97). The main findings of this work suggest that weight loss after VLED treatment can be improved by prolonged refeeding, that different factors influence VLED outcome in women and men, and that bariatric surgery is associated with reduced disability pension in men.
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| 6. |
- Mulkerrins, Isabelle, et al.
(författare)
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Exploration of a Swedish community-based family-oriented setting for promoting healthy food habits: professionals' experiences
- 2023
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Ingår i: Health Promotion International. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0957-4824 .- 1460-2245. ; 38:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Health is created in everyday life and settings, where food literacy (FL) and health literacy (HL) are recognized as important for autonomy over one's own health. Though it is acknowledged that bridging the gap between healthcare settings and community settings may be necessary to reach those requiring extra support. Open preschool (OP) is a low threshold community setting which parents with their young children can visit voluntarily, where the various activities offered can be opportunities to address topics related to food and health. The aim of this study is to explore preschool teachers and health practitioners' thoughts and experience of OP as a setting for health promotion, with focus on food and eating. The study is localized to OP's in a multicultural district in Gothenburg, Sweden. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with three preschool teachers and seven health practitioners (one dental hygienist, three dietitians and three public health strategists). With an inductive approach, data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. From the perspective of teachers and health practitioners, the findings indicate that OP can be a setting for mutual learning in a supportive environment. OP provides various possibilities for improved FL and HL by linking health practitioners with families, providing the opportunity to socialize and by eating together. The results also reveal that language barriers can sometimes hinder communication, and that OP does not reach all families. Continuous collaboration between OP and health organizations and practitioners along with regular use of intercultural mediators is recommended by the professionals.
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| 7. |
- Sjöberg, Agneta, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Enkla kostråd i Sverige förr, nu och i framtiden
- 2015
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Ingår i: Mat är mer än mat. Samhällsvetenskapliga perspektiv på mat och måltider. Kostvetenskap Rapportserie 2015:1. ISNN 1654-1634. ; , s. 115-130
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Sjöholm, Kajsa, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Macronutrient and alcohol intake is associated with intermuscular adipose tissue in a randomly selected group of younger and older men and women
- 2016
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Ingår i: e - SPEN: the European e-journal of clinical nutrition and metabolism. - : Elsevier BV. - 1751-4991. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Alcohol and macronutrient intake have been found to be related to general and central body fat distribution. Intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) is a small ectopic fat depot located within the muscle bundles. IMAT is important for muscle function, mobility and energy homeostasis and also associated with cardiovascular- and diabetes-related risk factors. Aim To test the hypothesis that macronutrient and alcohol intake is associated with IMAT. Methods 50 men and 50 women, randomly selected from the general population formed height- and weight-representative age groups of 50 younger (27–31 years) and 50 older (57–61 years) subjects. A dietary questionnaire was used to estimate habitual intake of foods and beverages. Body composition including IMAT was measured with computed tomography. Results Energy percent (E%) carbohydrates were negatively associated with IMAT in men (β: −0.6234, P < 0.05) and in younger subjects (β: −0.792, P < 0.05). E% alcohol was positively associated with IMAT in women (β: 2.3663, P < 0.01) and in older subjects (β: 1.232, P < 0.01). In younger individuals, E% protein was positively associated with IMAT (β: 1.840, P < 0.05). Centralized and general body fat distributions were positively associated with IMAT. S- (serum) cholesterol was positively associated with IMAT in men (β: 0.05177, P < 0.01) and younger individuals (β: 0.06701, P < 0.01). Conclusions These cross-sectional analyses showed associations between measures of body fat distribution and IMAT as well as associations between macronutrient- and alcohol intake and IMAT. Since IMAT is situated within the energy demanding striated muscles, our data could suggest that changes in dietary energy intake and macronutrient distribution may induce changes in IMAT in both normal weight and obese subjects.
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